Osteoarthritis (M15-M19) — a disease of varying etiology with specific biological, morphological and clinical characteristics, which are based on damage of all components of the joint — the cartil age, subchondral bone, synovium, ligaments, periarticular muscles capsules. The etiology of this disease has not been established. According to the results of studies in recent years, an increasing role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is given to genetic component. In this review the major achievements and trends in the field of ge-netl cs of osteoarthritis, as well as stud l es of epigenetic factors in the development of the disease are highl ighted.

Suicides continue to be one of the most serious health and social prob I em of modern times. The aim of this article was to review national and foreign scientific literature on studies of genetic contribution in suicidal behavior.

Study of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) hold key position in the development of cell-based technologies due to the availabili ty of their production, expansion in vitro and the possibili ty of preparation of autogenic graft of patient's cells. The introduction of cell-based technologies into clinical practice requires solvi ng a number of issues relating to the safety of cellular material. First it is needed toconsider the risk of tumors caused by spontaneous neoplastic transformation of cells in culture. In this case similarly to celi ular senescence as the main cause of malignant transformation, it is also impossible to exclude a negative effect of some ex vivo manipulations with cells including genetic modification and induction of differentiation.

In this work, the gene pool of the Russian and Ukrainian population of the Belgorod region using data on 6 polymorphic insertions Alu-repeats (A25, TPA25, F13B, PV92, APOA1, B65). Set wide variability of frequencies studied, Alu insertions, from 0.09 at locus A25 to 0.95 at locus AROA1. The mean value of GST on set of six loci Alu-insertion for the Russian was GST=0.0034, and for the Belgorod region in general, with the Ukrainians, this figure rises to three times: GST=0.0115. The genetic populations studied Russian space characterized by a significant degree of commonality forming «a Russian cluster» Belgorod region (d=0,002—0,003), and Ukrainians of genetl cally removed from it (d=0.005).

Possibility of use of a «territorial» se I ection criterion of surnames for the purpose of the description of popul ation and genetic structure of the popu I ation of the Belgorod region is stud i ed. It is estab I ished that correct popul ation and genetic data (level of in­breeding (f_r), genetic ratios) can be received on the basis of the frequent surnames meeting in 5 and more elementary populations.