microRNA expression profile of adipose tissue in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

In adipose tissue (AT), microRNAs play an important role in the regulation of biological processes such as adipogenesis, lipid and glucose transport, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. Therefore, changes in the microRNAs expression profile of AT may be associated with the development of obesity concomitant pathologies. The aim of this work was to evaluate the level of hsa-miR-551b-3p, hsa-miR-145-5p, has-miR-132-3p, hsa-miR-10a-5p, hsa-miR-302d-3p, hsa-miR -1246, hsa-miR-210, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-181a in subcutaneous and visceral AT (SAT and VAT) in obese patients with/without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study demonstrated that the relative expression level of the microRNA hsa-miR-132-3p was reduced in the SAT of obese patients with T2DM compared with obese patients without T2DM and controls. In the subgroup of patients with obesity and T2DM, the level of hsa-miR-132-3p expression in AT was positively correlated with the concentration of glucose (r=0.465, p=0.045 – for SAT; r=0.563, p=0.006 – for VAT) and glycated hemoglobin in blood plasma (r=0.593, p=0.005 – for VAT). In obese patients (with/without T2DM), inverse correlations were observed between the level of has-miR-551b-3p expression in SAT and glucose metabolism parameters: insulin (r=-0.409, p=0.020), C-peptide (r=-0.360, p=0.043), index HOMA-IR (r=-0.540, р=0.002). Thus, it can be assumed that the microRNAs hsa-miR-132-3p and hsa-miR-551b-3p in adipose tissue are involved in the development of insulin resistance and T2DM in obese individuals.

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