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The structure of congenital malformations of the central nervous system in the prenatal period

https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2022.08.35-39

Abstract

Aim: to analyze the structure of congenital malformations (CM) of the central nervous system (CNS) in fetuses for the period 2017-2021. Pregnant women underwent ultrasound examination of the fetus (ultrasound) as part of early prenatal screening of the first trimester (RPS) at 11-13.6 weeks of gestation, ultrasound of the second and third trimesters - at 19-21 and 30-34 weeks of gestation, respectively. For the period from 2017 to 2021, a total of 1585 cases of CM in fetuses were detected in various organs and systems. During the same period, the share of CNS CM in fetus of various nosological groups was 17.09%, 13% CNS CM were found in the first trimester, in the second and third trimesters - 48% and 39%, respectively. During the study period the frequency of detection of CNS CM varied from 17.7% in 2017 to 21.7% in 2019. All pregnant women with fetal CNS malformations were offered invasive dagnostics, 26.19% of patients agreed to an invasive procedure. In 84.6% of fetuses with CNS pathology, no numerical and visible structural chromosome disorders were detected (a normal karyotype was established). Chromosomal pathology in fetuses was detected in 15.4% cases: trisomy of chromosome 21 (2.8%); trisomy of chromosome 18 (1.4%); trisomy of chromosome 13 (1.4%); trisomy of chromosome 9 (1.4%); triploidy (1.4%); partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 21 and partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 3 (4.22%); translocation between chromosomes 10 and 20 (1.4%), partial monosomy 1q21.1-1.4%. Of this amount, 35% percent of pregnancies were terminated by family decision.

About the Authors

N. L. Puriskina
Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


T. I. Suhanova
Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


Y. S. Girgel
Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


L. I. Minaycheva
Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


G. N. Seitova
Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Puriskina N.L., Suhanova T.I., Girgel Y.S., Minaycheva L.I., Seitova G.N. The structure of congenital malformations of the central nervous system in the prenatal period. Medical Genetics. 2022;21(8):35-39. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2022.08.35-39

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ISSN 2073-7998 (Print)