Adipose tissue extracellular vesicles: search for new biomarkers of lipid and glucose metabolism dysfunction in obesity

Abstract

The aim of the study was searching for miRNAs that are secreted by adipose tissue (AT) and could act as potential biomarkers of AT dysfunction and the development of concomitant pathologies in obesity. At the first step, miRNA profiling of extracellular vesicles from cultivated ex vivo adipose tissue was carried out in two groups of individuals: obese and non-obese. The next step included analysis of AT expression levels of the main target genes for microRNAs, which showed variation of their content in AT extracellular vesicles, this analysis was carried out in extended sample group of patients with obesity, including those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and in the control group. The study has identified microRNAs (hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-302d-3p), that are associated with a decrease in the expression of key genes of lipid and glucose metabolism - PPARG, SLC2A4 - in AT of patients with obesity and DM2.