Prenatal cytogenetic diagnostics of chromosomic diseases in genetic clinic of Research institute of Medical Genetics of Tomsk National Research Medical Center: our experience and results

Abstract

Prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal diseases in Tomsk and the Tomsk region is an integral part of the medical care. In the Research Institute of Medical Genetics of Tomsk National Research Medical Center effective methods for chromosomal analysis at almost any gestational age are widely used. In the past five years, 3503 prenatal cytogenetic studies have been carried out and 300 cases (8,5%) of chromosomal abnormalities were detected. The highest percentage of chromosomal pathology (11,5%) was found in pregnant women within first trimester biochemical screening. A standard cytogenetic studying allows eliminates aneuploidy and polyploidy, structural anomalies, especially if they disrupt the morphology of chromosomes, but submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities often remains not identified. Using of complex molecular cytogenetic technologies allows to exclude chromosomal pathology with the maximum probability.