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Патогенетика миомы матки: обзор полногеномных исследований ассоциаций
https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2026.07.3-11
Аннотация
Миома матки (ММ) – наиболее распространенная доброкачественная опухоль репродуктивной системы, этиология и патогенез которой остаются не полностью раскрытыми. За последние 15 лет полногеномные исследования ассоциаций (GWAS) стали основным инструментом выявления локусов генетического риска. Цель обзора – оценить вклад GWAS в изучение ММ, проанализировать эволюцию подходов и определить связь выявленных локусов с молекулярными механизмами заболевания. По данным GWAS Catalog, PubMed и eLibrary отобраны 13 GWAS-исследований и ряд репликативных работ. GWAS идентифицировали сотни локусов, вовлеченных в поддержание стабильности генома (TP53, TERT), развитие мочеполовой системы (WNT4, MED12), гормональную регуляцию (GREB1) и другие процессы. Показаны генетическое перекрытие ММ с эндометриозом и репродуктивными признаками, а также этноспецифичные эффекты, однако количество репликативных исследований остается ограниченным. Намечается переход от изучения изолированных локусов к интеграции сигналов в патофизиологические пути, что требует дальнейших подтверждающих исследований в независимых популяциях.
Об авторах
Л. А. Глянцева
ФГБОУ ВО Курский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России
Россия
Россия
305041, г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, д.3
Ю. А. Самойленко
ФГБОУ ВО Курский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России
Россия
Россия
305041, г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, д.3
А. О. Улинова
ФГБОУ ВО Курский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России
Россия
Россия
305041, г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, д.3
М. О. Солдатова
ФГБОУ ВО Курский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России
Россия
Россия
305041, г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, д.3
О. Ю. Бушуева
ФГБОУ ВО Курский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России
Россия
Россия
305041, г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, д.3
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Глянцева Л.А., Самойленко Ю.А., Улинова А.О., Солдатова М.О., Бушуева О.Ю. Патогенетика миомы матки: обзор полногеномных исследований ассоциаций. Медицинская генетика. 2026;25(7):3-11. https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2026.07.3-11
For citation:
Gliantseva L.A., Samoilenko Yu.A., Ulinova A.O., Soldatova M.O., Bushueva O.Yu. Pathogenetics of uterine fibroids: A review of genome-wide association studies. Medical Genetics. 2026;25(7):3-11. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2026.07.3-11
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