Variability of Natural Reproduction Processes in the Population of Cheboksary in 1989 and 2019
https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2023.08.30-36
Abstract
Background. The demographic structure of Russian populations has undergone significant changes since 1990, accompanied by unfavorable trends in the processes of population reproduction. Therefore, studies of the dynamics of the formation of urban populations and the analysis of the biological component of the reproduction process, in which reproduction acts as a universal indicator of the social and biological state of society, are relevant.
Aim: to study the temporal variability of selection parameters due to differential fecundity in the Cheboksary population.
Methods. The parameters of differential fertility as components of natural selection (Crow’s index) were calculated according to the obstetric history of post-reproductive age female residents of Cheboksary in 1989, 2019.
Results. In 1989, the narrowed type of population reproduction was observed. There was an average of 5.72±0.29 pregnancies, 1.88±0.07 births, 3.42±0.29 medical abortions, 0.44±0.08 spontaneous abortions, miscarriages, and ectopic pregnancies per woman. Only 32.6% of all pregnancies resulted in a live birth. The decline in the average number of offspring is an indication of the prevalence of birth control practices (abortion, contraception). In 2019, the average number of pregnancies decreased 4.31±0.21, the number of births increased 2.61±0.05, the number of medical abortions decreased sharply 1.39±0.21, and the use of contraceptives increased. The families of Cheboksary have undergone significant changes in their attitudes and strategies towards reproduction. The level of simple reproduction is exceeded in the population (average number of offspring Ê=2.46±0.08). Increased inter-familial differences in the number of offspring reflect the growth of multi-child families. Higher values are expected to be found in cohorts of individuals who have not finished reproduction.
Conclusion. Positive changes in the reproductive behavior of women in Cheboksary testify to the transition from the strictly regulated nature of narrowed-type reproduction to expanded reproduction.
Keywords
Supporting agencies: The work was supported by the state task of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education.
About the Authors
N. Kh. Spitsyna
N.N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
32a Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119334
N. V. Balinova
Research Centre for Medical Genetics
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522
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Review
For citations:
Spitsyna N.Kh., Balinova N.V. Variability of Natural Reproduction Processes in the Population of Cheboksary in 1989 and 2019. Medical Genetics. 2023;22(8):30-36. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2023.08.30-36
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