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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2019.01.45-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-625</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром протяженной делеции при тяжелой форме мукополисахаридоза II типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contiguous gene syndrome in severe case of mucopolysaccharidosis type II</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">orphancenter@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воскобоева</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voskoboeva</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канивец</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanivets</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коростелев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korostelev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Какаулина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kakaulina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Печатникова</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pechatnikova</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Morozov Сhildren’s Municipal Hospital of the Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Геномед»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company “Genomed”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полякова Н.А., Воскобоева Е.Ю., Канивец И.В., Коростелев С.А., Какаулина В.С., Печатникова Н.Л., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полякова Н.А., Воскобоева Е.Ю., Канивец И.В., Коростелев С.А., Какаулина В.С., Печатникова Н.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polyakova N.A., Voskoboeva E.Y., Kanivets I.V., Korostelev S.A., Kakaulina V.S., Pechatnikova N.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/625">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/625</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье отражены современные представления о сочетании нескольких наследственных синдромов в результате протяженной делеции Х хромосомы на примере мукополисахаридоза II типа и умственной отсталости. Проанализированы описания встречающихся в литературе сочетаний моногенных синдромов, обозначаемых как «сопряженные» или «протяженные» генные синдромы, а также понятие «смежные» гены. Протяженные генные синдромы, обусловленные делецией участка X хромосомы у мальчиков, приводят к структурной и функциональной нуллисомии, поэтому необходимы исследования числа копий генов с целью определения точного генетического дефекта. Суммированы данные литературы и собственные наблюдения, касающиеся вопросов этиологии, патогенеза, сроков манифестации и клинической симптоматики болезни, методов диагностики, современного лечения и профилактики мукополисахаридоза II типа. Мукополисахаридоз II типа относится к заболеваниям из группы лизосомных болезней накопления с мультиорганным поражением. Описан клинический случай синдрома Хантера с протяженной делецией хромосомы Х и ранним дебютом клинических проявлений комбинированного стеноза позвоночного канала и миелопатии шейного отдела спинного мозга вследствие накопления гликозаминогликанов (ГАГ) в оболочках спинного мозга. Смешанный тетрапарез при мукополисахаридозе II типа наблюдается реже, чем при других мукополисахаридозах и, как правило, манифестирует в более старшем возрасте. Высказано предположение, что тяжелый фенотип с сочетанием неврологической симптоматики и умственнной отсталости связан с протяженной делецией хромосомы Х, включающей полную делецию гена IDS. В алгоритм обследования пациентов с несиндромальной умственной отсталостью входят анализ кариотипа, ДНК-диагностика синдрома ломкой хромосомы Х и хромосомный микроматричный анализ. Показано, что при обследовании мальчиков с умственной отсталостью в этот алгоритм дополнительно следует включить биохимические тесты - определение ГАГ в моче и анализ ферментов лизосом, что позволит с большей эффективностью выявлять больных с мукополисахаридоз II типа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article presented below reflects modern ideas about the combination of several hereditary syndromes as a result of an contiguous deletion of the X chromosome by the example of mucopolysaccharidosis type II and mental retardation. Monogenic syndromes occurring in the literature in combination, marked as contiguous gene syndromes, have been analyzed, along with what the notion of contiguous geneshas been described. Contiguous gene syndromes due to the deletion of the X chromosome region in boys lead to structural and functional nullisomy, thus confirming the significance of studying the number of copies of genes in order to determine the exact genetic defect. The data of the literature and our own observations concerning issues of etiology, pathogenesis, time of manifestation and clinical symptoms of the disease, diagnostic methods, treatment and prevention of mucopolysaccharidosis type II are summarized. Mucopolysaccharidosis type II refers to а group of lysosomal storage diseases with multiorgan lesions. Here is described a clinical case of Hunter syndrome with a long deletion of the X chromosome and an early manifestation of a combined stenosis of the spinal canal, the development of myelopathy of the cervical spinal cord as a result of the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the membranes of the spinal cord. The described case with the clinical picture of mixed tetraparesis is a rarer symptom with type II mucopolysaccharidosis than with other mucopolysaccharidosis and, as a rule, manifests at an older age. It was suggested that such a phenotypic correlation in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II, as a severe phenotype with neurological symptoms with a complete deletion of the IDS gene. The algorithm for examining patients with non-syndromic mental retardation includes the analysis of karyotype, DNA-diagnosis of fragile X chromosome, and chromosome analysis. It is shown that a survey is needed to exclude MPS II in boys with mental retardation and the inclusion of simple biochemical tests in these algorithms - determination of GAG in urine and analysis of lysosomal enzymes, which will more effectively identify patients with MPS type II.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Синдром Хантера</kwd><kwd>мукополисахаридоз II типа</kwd><kwd>X хромосома</kwd><kwd>делеция</kwd><kwd>наследственные синдромы</kwd><kwd>умственная отсталость</kwd><kwd>«сопряженные» генные синдромы</kwd><kwd>Hunter syndrome</kwd><kwd>mucopolysaccharidosis type II</kwd><kwd>X chromosome</kwd><kwd>deletion</kwd><kwd>hereditary syndromes</kwd><kwd>mental retardation</kwd><kwd>contigious gene syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tuschl K, Gal A, Paschke E, et al. 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