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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2018.10.35-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы и ограничения редактирования кариотипа и хромосомной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perspectives and limitations of karyotype editing and chromosome therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашеварова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashevarova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">anna.kashevarova@medgenetics.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серов</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serov</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедев</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedev</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской генетики, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр РАН, Томск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН», Новосибирск</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кашеварова А.А., Серов О.Л., Лебедев И.Н., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кашеварова А.А., Серов О.Л., Лебедев И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kashevarova A.A., Serov O.L., Lebedev I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/591">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/591</self-uri><abstract><p>Хромосомные болезни - генетически обусловленные заболевания, проявляющиеся разнообразными симптомами. Несмотря на высокую частоту хромосомных аномалий и их клиническую значимость, подходов к эффективному лечению пациентов, а тем более, к коррекции крупных хромосомных дефектов не существует. Предложено несколько способов элиминации мутантной хромосомы из клетки: через спонтанную потерю кольцевой хромосомы при культивировании индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (ИПСК) и путем удаления ее центромеры с использованием системы CRISPR/Cas9. Показано, что кольцевую хромосому можно создать искусственно при использовании CRISPR/Cas9-технологии. Нами апробирован первый подход по элиминации кольцевой хромосомы и показано, что при культивировании ИПСК кольцевая хромосома 13 образует стабильные фрагменты, тогда как кольцевая хромосома 22 неизменно наследуется в ряду клеточных поколений. Очевидно, потеря кольцевой хромосомы в ИПСК не является строго универсальным процессом, а технологии, которые могут лечь в основу хромосомной терапии, требуют значительной доработки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chromosome diseases are genetically determined diseases, manifested by a variety of symptoms. Despite the high frequency of chromosome abnormalities and their clinical significance, there are no approaches to effective treatment of patients and to the correction of large chromosome defects. Several methods for the eliminating of the mutant chromosome from the cell are proposed: through spontaneous loss of the ring chromosome during the culturing of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and by removing its centromere using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. It was shown that the ring chromosome can be created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We tested the first approach for ring chromosome elimination and showed that during the culturing of iPSCs the ring chromosome 13 formed stable fragments, while the ring chromosome 22 was transmitted unchanged. Obviously, the loss of the ring chromosome in iPSCs is not strictly a universal process, and the technologies that can form the basis of chromosome therapy require considerable improvement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коррекция кариотипа</kwd><kwd>хромосомная терапия</kwd><kwd>ИПСК</kwd><kwd>кольцевая хромосома</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>karyotype correction</kwd><kwd>chromosome therapy</kwd><kwd>induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)</kwd><kwd>ring chromosome</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bershteyn M, Hayashi Y, Desachy G et al. 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