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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2018.06.29-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-497</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Семейная сложная хромосомная перестройка с участием хромосом 2, 3, 18: фенотипические эффекты и значимость комплексного молекулярно-цитогенетического исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A familial complex chromosomal rearrangement involving chromosomes 2, 3, 18: phenotypic effects and the importance of a complex molecular cytogenetics study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миньженкова</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minzhenkova</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">maramin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>Ж. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>Z. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бессонова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bessonova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Миньженкова М.Е., Маркова Ж.Г., Бессонова Л.А., Шилова Н.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Миньженкова М.Е., Маркова Ж.Г., Бессонова Л.А., Шилова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Minzhenkova M.E., Markova Z.G., Bessonova L.A., Shilova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/497">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/497</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен семейный случай комплексной хромосомной перестройки, ранее идентифицированной как сбалансированная транслокация. Пациент, 5 лет, обследован по поводу врожденных пороков развития, задержки физического и психоречевого развития. При стандартном цитогенетическом исследовании определен кариотип 46,XY,t(2;18)(q32;q23)mat. FISH исследование хромосомных препаратов пациента и его матери позволило установить, что перестройка, изначально установленная как реципрокная транслокация, на самом деле являлась комплексной, и затрагивала еще одну хромосому. Мать оказалась носительницей транслокации t(2;3;18)(q31;q29;q21), что не было определено при стандартном цитогенетическом исследовании. Соответственно, ребенок унаследовал две дериватные хромосомы der(2) и der(18) вследствие мейотической сегрегации комплексной транслокации у матери. Врожденные аномалии развития у пациента связаны с хромосомным дисбалансом - частичной трисомией по хромосоме 3 (q29®qter) и частичной моносомией по хромосоме 18 (q21®qter). Идентификация структуры и происхождения комплексных хромосомных перестроек играет важную роль в цитогенетической диагностике, особенно в случае с семейным носительством, так как позволяет оценить повторный риск рождения ребенка с хромосомным дисбалансом, который у носителей сбалансированных перестроек повышен. В последние годы диагностика комплексных хромосомных перестроек значительно улучшилась благодаря внедрению современных молекулярно-цитогенетических методов. Использование разнообразных технологий FISH иногда является необходимым в цитогенетической практике для полной и качественной диагностики комплексных хромосомных аномалий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We report on a molecular cytogenetic diagnosis of familial complex chromosomal rearrangement. A 5-year-old child with developmental delay and his mother were referred for genetic evaluation. The chromosome analysis of a child revealed a reciprocal translocation t(2;18)(q32;q23)mat. FISH analyses showed that it was not a balanced translocation. A patient had a two derivative chromosomes - der(2), der(18), due to unbalanced segregation of the three-way exchange t(2;3;18) from mother. Hereby the abnormal phenotype of patient can be explained by partial trisomy 2q and partial monosomy 18q. Initially, chromоsomal rearrangement described here was interpreted as balanced translocation. Hоwever, FISH analysis revealed that the rearrangement was far mоre cоmplex than originally proposed invоlving a larger number of chrоmosomes. Only a cоmbination of several different apprоaches was sufficient to resоlve the nature of this complex chromоsomal rearrangement which had an unexpected level of cоmplexity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>комплексные хромосомные перестройки</kwd><kwd>дериватные хромосомы</kwd><kwd>мейотическая сегрегация</kwd><kwd>FISH-анализ</kwd><kwd>Complex chromosomal rearrangements</kwd><kwd>derivative chromosome</kwd><kwd>meiotic segregation</kwd><kwd>FISH-analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patsalis PC, Evangelidou P, Charalambous S, Sismani C. Fluorescence in situ hybridization characterization of apparently balanced translocation reveals cryptic complex chromosomal rearrangements with unexpected level of complexity. 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