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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2026.07.33-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3511</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метилирование промоторных регионов генов репарации ДНК и метаболизма ксенобиотиков у работников угольных теплоэлектростанций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methylation of promoter regions of DNA repair and xenobiotic metabolism genes in coal-fired power plant workers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марущак</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marushchak</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>650000, г. Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marushchak.av@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минина</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minina</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>650000, г. Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18</p><p>650000, г. Кемерово, ул. Красная, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000</p><p>6 Krasnaya str., Kemerovo, 650000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр угля и углехимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр угля и углехимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Кемеровский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Kemerovo State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Марущак А.В., Минина В.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марущак А.В., Минина В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Marushchak A.V., Minina V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3511">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3511</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Профессиональное воздействие комплекса генотоксических агентов (угольная пыль, тяжёлые металлы, полициклические ароматические углеводороды) на угольных теплоэлектростанциях (ТЭС) может индуцировать эпигенетические изменения, в частности аномальное метилирование промоторов ключевых генов защиты генома, однако статус метилирования генов репарации ДНК (XRCC1, XRCC2, XRCC3, ERCC2, ERCC5) и биотрансформации ксенобиотиков (GSTP1, GSTT1, CYP1A1) у работников угольных ТЭС оставался неизученным. Цель – охарактеризовать профиль метилирования промоторов указанных генов у работников угольных ТЭС в сравнении с контрольной группой и оценить влияние производственных и индивидуальных факторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Обследовано 936 человек: 445 работников угольных ТЭС г. Кемерово и 491 житель, не занятый на промышленном производстве. Статус метилирования промоторов определяли методом метил-специфической ПЦР после бисульфитной конверсии ДНК. Валидация результатов выполнена путём полногеномного бисульфитного секвенирования (WGBS) на подвыборке (n=5).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У работников ТЭС выявлено значимое увеличение частоты гиперметилированного и частично метилированного статуса промоторов всех восьми генов по сравнению с контролем (p &lt;0,000001). Наиболее выраженные различия зафиксированы для GSTP1, GSTT1 и ERCC5 (гиперметилирование у работников в 4-5 раз чаще). Стаж работы &gt;20 лет ассоциировался с более высокой частотой гиперметилирования ERCC2, XRCC1, XRCC3 (p &lt;0,02). Работники топливно-транспортного, ремонтного, химического цехов и цеха тепловой автоматики и измерений демонстрировали наиболее высокие показатели гиперметилирования ERCC2, ERCC5 и GSTT1 (p &lt;0,02). Значимых ассоциаций статуса метилирования с полом, возрастом, курением и наличием хронических заболеваний не обнаружено (p &gt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные впервые демонстрируют выраженный сдвиг эпигенетического профиля в сторону гиперметилирования промоторов генов репарации и детоксикации при работе на угольных ТЭС. Стаж работы и принадлежность к определённому производственному участку являются ключевыми детерминантами эпигенетических изменений. Полученные результаты обосновывают использование данных маркеров для биомониторинга профессиональных рисков.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Occupational exposure to a complex of genotoxic agents (coal dust, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) at coal-fired thermal power plants (TPPs) can induce epigenetic changes, in particular, abnormal methylation of the promoters of key genome protection genes. However, the methylation status of DNA repair genes (XRCC1, XRCC2, XRCC3, ERCC2, ERCC5) and xenobiotic biotransformation genes (GSTP1, GSTT1, CYP1A1) in coal-fired TPP workers remains unstudied. Objective: To characterize the methylation profile of these promoters in coal-fired TPP workers compared with a control group and to evaluate the influence of occupational and individual factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A total of 936 individuals were examined: 445 workers at coal-fired power plants in Kemerovo and 491 residents not employed in industrial production. Promoter methylation status was determined using methylation-specific PCR after bisulfite conversion of DNA. Results were validated using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on a subsample (n=5).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A significant increase in the frequency of hypermethylated and partially methylated promoter status of all eight genes was revealed in thermal power plant workers compared to the controls (p &lt;0.000001). The most pronounced differences were recorded for GSTP1, GSTT1 and ERCC5 (hypermethylation in workers was 4-5 times more frequent). Work experience of &gt;20 years was associated with a higher frequency of hypermethylation of ERCC2, XRCC1, XRCC3 (p &lt;0.02). Workers in the fuel and transport, repair, chemical shops and the thermal automation and measurements shop demonstrated the highest rates of hypermethylation of ERCC2, ERCC5 and GSTT1 (p &lt; 0.02). No significant associations of methylation status with gender, age, smoking and the presence of chronic diseases were found (p &gt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained data demonstrate for the first time a significant shift in the epigenetic profile toward hypermethylation of repair and detoxification gene promoters during work at coal-fired power plants. Work experience and occupational location are key determinants of epigenetic changes. The obtained results substantiate the use of these markers for biomonitoring of occupational risks.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метилирование</kwd><kwd>промотор</kwd><kwd>репарация ДНК</kwd><kwd>метаболизм ксенобиотиков</kwd><kwd>работники</kwd><kwd>угольные теплоэлектростанции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methylation</kwd><kwd>promoter</kwd><kwd>DNA repair</kwd><kwd>xenobiotic metabolism</kwd><kwd>workers</kwd><kwd>coal-fired power plants</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование поддержано Государственным заданием по проекту НИР 2026-2028 № госрегистрации 1023032300035-4-3.1.3.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the State Assignment for the project No. 1023032300035-4-3.1.3.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiménez-Garza O., Ghosh M., Barrow T.M., Godderis L. 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