medgenМедицинская генетикаMedical Genetics2073-7998Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC10.25557/2073-7998.2026.03.13-21medgen-3408Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHПараметры микроядерного теста как биомаркеры генотоксичности в связи с индивидуальными вариантами генов GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2, CYP1A1 у работников угольных теплоэлектростанцийMicronucleus test parameters as biomarkers of genotoxicity in connection with individual variants of the GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2, CYP1A1 genes in workers of coal-fired thermal power plantsМарущакА. В.MarushchakA. V.

650000, Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18

18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000

marushchak.av@mail.ruТоргунаковаА. В.TorgunakovaA. V.

650000, Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18; 650000, Кемерово, ул. Красная, д. 6

18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000; 6 Krasnaya st., Kemerovo, 650000

ТитовР. А.TitovR. A.

650000, Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18; 650000, Кемерово, ул. Красная, д. 6

18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000; 6 Krasnaya st., Kemerovo, 650000

СоболеваО. А.SobolevaO. A.

650000, Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18; 650000, Кемерово, ул. Красная, д. 6

18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000; 6 Krasnaya st., Kemerovo, 650000

МининаВ. И.MininaV. I.

650000, Кемерово, пр-т Советский, д. 18; 650000, Кемерово, ул. Красная, д. 6

18 Sovetsky Ave., Kemerovo, 650000; 6 Krasnaya st., Kemerovo, 650000

Федеральный исследовательский центр угля и углехимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияThe Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр угля и углехимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Кемеровский государственный университетРоссияThe Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Kemerovo State UniversityRussian Federation2026070420262531321Copyright © Марущак А.В., Торгунакова А.В., Титов Р.А., Соболева О.А., Минина В.И., 20262026Марущак А.В., Торгунакова А.В., Титов Р.А., Соболева О.А., Минина В.И.Marushchak A.V., Torgunakova A.V., Titov R.A., Soboleva O.A., Minina V.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3408Введение

Введение. Выбросы угольных теплоэлектростанций могут оказывать угнетающее воздействие как на окружающую среду, так и здоровье работников. При этом роль генетической изменчивости в индивидуальной чувствительности к факторам производственной среды угольных теплоэлектростанций недостаточно изучена.

Цель

Цель: провести анализ цитогенетических нарушений в связи с генетическим полиморфизмом у работников угольных теплоэлектростанций.

Методы

Методы. В работе произведена оценка цитогенетических нарушений, выявляемых при микроядерном тесте в лимфоцитах, в связи с полиморфными вариантами генов GSTP1 rs1138272, GSTM1 (del), GSTT1 (del), NAT2 rs1799929 и CYP1A1 rs4646903 у 455 работников угольных теплоэлектростанций г. Кемерово и 533 несвязанных с производством жителей того же региона.

Результаты

Результаты. Установлено повышение частоты микроядер, нуклеоплазменных мостов, протрузий, клеток в апоптозе, а также уменьшение частоты клеток в митозе у работников угольных теплостанций по сравнению с контролем. Выявлено влияние минорного варианта гена NAT2 rs1799929 и делеций GSTT1, GSTM1 на уровень микроядер и протрузий в клетках крови работников угольных теплоэлектростанций.

Выводы

Выводы. Полученные данные позволяют определить NAT2 rs1799929, делеции GSTT1 и GSTM1 в качестве биомаркеров генотоксического риска у лиц, выполняющих основные производственные операции на угольном производстве.

Background

Background. Emissions from coal-fired power plants can have a detrimental impact on both the environment and worker health. However, the role of genetic variation in individual susceptibility to environmental factors at coal-fired power plants remains understudied due to the limited number of studies.

Objective

Objective. To conduct an analysis of cytogenetic abnormalities associated with genetic polymorphism in workers of coal-fired thermal power plants.

Methods

Methods. This study assessed cytogenetic abnormalities detected using the lymphocyte micronucleus test in connection with polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 rs1138272, GSTM1 (del), GSTT1 (del), NAT2 rs1799929, and CYP1A1 rs4646903 genes in 455 workers at coal-fired thermal power plants in Kemerovo and 533 residents of the same region unrelated to the industry.

Results

Results. An increased frequency of micronuclei, nucleoplasmic bridges, protrusions, and apoptotic cells, as well as a decreased frequency of mitotic cells, were found in coal-fired power plant workers compared to controls. A minor variant of the NAT2 gene, rs1799929, and deletions in GSTT1 and GSTM1 were found to influence the level of micronuclei and protrusions in the blood cells of coal-fired power plant workers.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The obtained data allow us to identify NAT2 rs1799929, GSTT1 and GSTM1 deletions as biomarkers of genotoxic risk in individuals performing key production operations in coal mining.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.