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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.11.40-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3295</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушения сперматогенеза у носителей сбалансированных хромосомных транслокаций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Disorders of spermatogenesis in carriers of balanced chromosome translocations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штаут</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtaut</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курило</surname><given-names>Л. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurilo</surname><given-names>L. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андреева М.В., Сорокина Т.В., Штаут М.И., Курило Л.Ф., Черных В.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андреева М.В., Сорокина Т.В., Штаут М.И., Курило Л.Ф., Черных В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andreeva M.V., Sorokina T.M., Shtaut M.I., Kurilo L.F., Chernykh V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3295">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3295</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. У носителей сбалансированных хромосомных транслокаций повышен риск нарушений гаметогенеза и фертильности, частоты анеуплоидии в гаметах, хромосомных аномалий и врожденных пороков развития у потомства. Среди мужчин с бесплодием частота сбалансированных транслокаций превышает общепопуляционную, при этом сперматологические показатели и механизмы нарушения сперматогенеза у таких пациентов недостаточно исследованы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить влияние сбалансированных хромосомных транслокаций на сперматогенез и сперматологические показатели.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Обследовали мужчин-носителей сбалансированных хромосомных транслокаций: робертсоновских (rob) (n=37) и аутосомных реципрокных транслокаций (n=38). Выполняли стандартное спермиологическое исследование и количественный кариологический анализ незрелых половых клеток (ККА НПК) эякулята.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У 92% носителей аутосомных реципрокных транслокаций выявлена патозооспермия, варьирующая от умеренных до тяжелых форм, у 95% носителей rob – патозооспермия c преобладанием тяжелых форм (олигоастенотератозооспермии, ОАТ). У пациентов с ОАТ выявлены признаки частичного блока сперматогенеза в профазе I мейоза.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Выявлено различие по структуре патозооспермии у носителей rob и реципрокных аутосомных транслокаций, у пациентов с rob чаще встречается олигозооспермия, свидетельствующая о частичном нарушении сперматогенеза. Нарушение фертильности у мужчин-носителей сбалансированных аутосомных транслокаций с ОАТ связано с частичным мейотическим блоком, приводящим к снижению продукции гамет.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Carriers of balanced chromosome translocations have an increased risk of gametogenesis and fertility disorders, aneuploidy in gametes and congenital malformations in offspring. Among men with infertility, the frequency of balanced translocations exceeds the general population, however, semen parameters, as well as the causes of spermatogenic disorders, are poorly studied in such patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the effect of balanced chromosome translocations on spermatogenesis and semen parameters Methods. Male carriers of balanced chromosome translocations: Robertsonian (rob) (n=37) and autosome reciprocal translocations (n=38) were examined Standard semen analysis and quantitative karyological analysis of immature germ cells were performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Semen disorders, varying from moderate to severe forms, were detected in 92% of carriers of autosome reciprocal translocations carriers and in 95% of rob carriers. In rob carriers oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) was the most common. Patients with OAT showed partial arrest of spermatogenesis in meiotic prophase I.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A difference in the structure of semen disorders was revealed in carriers of rob and reciprocal autosome translocations; oligozoospermia was the most common in patients with rob, indicating a partial arrest of spermatogenesis. Impaired fertility in male carriers of balanced autosome translocations with OAT is associated with a partial meiotic arrest, leading to decreased gamete production.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>транслокации хромосом</kwd><kwd>сперматогенез</kwd><kwd>мейоз</kwd><kwd>мейотический блок</kwd><kwd>мужское бесплодие</kwd><kwd>олигозооспермия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chromosome translocations</kwd><kwd>spermatogenesis</kwd><kwd>meiosis</kwd><kwd>meiotic arrest</kwd><kwd>male infertility</kwd><kwd>oligozoospermia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России для ФГБНУ «МГНЦ»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the state assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for RCMG</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krausz C., Riera-Escamilla A. 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