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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Редкие мутации в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 у российских больных раком молочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rare mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in breast cancer Russian patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снигирева</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Snigiriova</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">snigiryova@rncrr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодкий</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodkiy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский Научный Центр Рентгенорадиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новикова Е.И., Снигирева Г.П., Солодкий В.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новикова Е.И., Снигирева Г.П., Солодкий В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikova E.I., Snigiriova G.P., Solodkiy V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/325">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/325</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Подавляющее число случаев наследственного рака молочной железы (РМЖ) связано с мутациями в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 . Анализ только распространенных в российской популяции мутаций в этих генах у больных РМЖ может привести к некоторому числу ложноотрицательных результатов из-за наличия редких генетических повреждений в данных генах. Цель. Поиск редких мутаций в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 , ассоциированных с риском развития РМЖ. Материалы и методы. Проведено молекулярно-генетическое исследование методом NGS 193 больным РМЖ. Результаты. Спектр патогенных вариантов в генах BRCA1/2 , ассоциированных с риском развития РМЖ, характеризуется большим разнообразием и не ограничивается только распространенными в российской популяции мутациями. У 27 больных РМЖ (14%) были выявлены 22 патогенные мутации, ранее не описанные в российских исследованиях. У 6 больных были проанализированы генетические варианты с неизвестным клиническим значением, которые могут лежать в основе развития злокачественного заболевания молочной железы. Выводы. На основании полученных данных о частоте редких мутаций (14%), а также о частоте распространенных в российской популяции мутаций в группе больных с клиническими признаками наследственного РМЖ (17,6%) можно с уверенностью говорить, что около 32% случаев РМЖ у пациентов этой группы ассоциированы с мутациями в генах BRCA1/2 .</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The overwhelming majority of cases of hereditary breast cancer are associated with mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The search for only the BRCA1/2 founder mutations in the Russian population may lead to a number of false-negative results due to the presence of rare genetic damage in these genes. The aim of this study was to search for rare BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations associated with risk of breast cancer. For this study using neхt-generation sequencing (NGS), a group of 193 breast cancer patients was formed. Results of this research showed that the range of pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 associated with risk of breast cancer is characterized by a big variety and not limited only to mutations, widespread in the Russian population. As a result of the study, 22 rare heterozygous pathogenic mutations were found in 27 breast cancer patients (14%). Variants with unknown clinical significance in BRCA1/2 , which could be one of the causes of the breast cancer disease, were found in 6 patients. On the basis of our obtained data on rare mutations frequency (14%) and also founder mutations frequency in the group of patients with clinical signs of a hereditary disease in the Russian population (17,6%) it is possible to say with confidence that about 32% breast cancer cases in the group of patients with clinical signs of a hereditary disease were associated with BRCA1/2 mutations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственный рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>мутации в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2</kwd><kwd>секвенирование «нового поколения» (NGS)</kwd><kwd>hereditary breast cancer</kwd><kwd>BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations</kwd><kwd>neхt-generation sequencing (NGS)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Имянитов ЕН. Наследственный рак молочной железы. Практическая Онкология. 2010; (11); 258-266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Имянитов ЕН. 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