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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.08.32-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3113</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наследственные нарушения копийности локусов BRCA1/2 у больных раком молочной железы и яичника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hereditary copy number variations of BRCA1/2 in breast and ovarian cancers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексахина</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksakhina</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758; ул. Ленинградская, д. 68; Песочный-2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758; 68, Leningradskaya st.; Pesochny-2; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Преображенская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Preobrazhenskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758; ул. Ленинградская, д. 68; Песочный-2; 194100; ул. Литовская, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758; 68, Leningradskaya st.; Pesochny-2; 194100; 2, Litovskaya st.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chekmarevaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Syomina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758; ул. Ленинградская, д. 68; Песочный-2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758; 68, Leningradskaya st.; Pesochny-2; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляева</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaeva</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758; ул. Ленинградская, д. 68; Песочный-2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758; 68, Leningradskaya st.; Pesochny-2; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имянитов</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imyanitov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197758; ул. Ленинградская, д. 68; Песочный-2; 194100; ул. Литовская, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>197758; 68, Leningradskaya st.; Pesochny-2; 194100; 2, Litovskaya st.; Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н. Н. Петрова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н. Н. Петрова Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology; St.-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алексахина С.Н., Преображенская Е.В., Семина М.В., Беляева Е.О., Имянитов Е.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексахина С.Н., Преображенская Е.В., Семина М.В., Беляева Е.О., Имянитов Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleksakhina S.N., Preobrazhenskaya E.V., Syomina M.V., Belyaeva E.O., Imyanitov E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3113">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3113</self-uri><abstract><p>   Тестирование наследственных патогенных вариантов в генах BRCA1/2 сегодня стандартный компонент обследования пациенток с раком молочной железы и яичника. Как правило, ДНК-тестирование ограничивается идентификацией точковых мутаций и микроделеций/инсерций и практически не учитывает другие виды аберраций. Анализ CNV на данных таргетного NGS-исследования образцов ДНК больных раком молочной железы (n = 3925) и яичников (n = 1175) проводили инструментом gCNV GATK. Последующая верификация биоинформатически предсказанных нарушений копийности экзонов генов BRCA1/2 проводилась методом цифровой капельной ПЦР. В результате было обнаружено 35/5149 (0,7%) случаев с наследственными крупными перестройками в генах BRCA1 (n = 31) и BRCA2 (n = 4). Самым частым вариантом оказался BRCA1 exon 1-2 del (n = 11). Молодой возраст постановки диагноза, как и для микромутаций в этих генах, значительно повышает вероятность обнаружения CNV-мутаций (рак молочной железы: 21/2294 (0,9%) vs 6/1631 (0,4%) p = 0,0247; рак яичников 6/328 (1,8 %) vs 2/847 (0,2 %) p = 0,0062). CNV составляют 5,6 % от всех патогенных вариантов в генах BRCA1/2, что определяет необходимость интеграции анализа CNV в рутинную диагностику наследственных опухолевых синдромов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Testing of hereditary pathogenic variants in the BRCA1/2 genes is standard component of the evaluation of patients with breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Routine DNA testing is limited to the identification of point mutations and microdeletions/insertions, and practically does not take into account other types of aberrations. CNV analysis based on data from a targeted NGS study of DNA samples from patients with breast cancer (n = 3925) and breast cancer (n = 1175) was performed with the gCNV GATK tool. The subsequent verification of bioinformatically predicted CNV of BRCA1/2 exons was carried out by digital droplet PCR. We detected 35/5149 (0.7%) cases with hereditary large rearrangements in the BRCA1 (n = 31) and BRCA2 (n = 4). The most frequent CNV was BRCA1 exon 1-2 del (n = 11). The young age of diagnosis significantly increases the probability of detecting CNV mutations (breast cancer: 21/2294 (0.9 %) vs 6/1631 (0.4 %) p = 0.0247; ovarian cancer: 6/328 (1.8 %) vs 2/847 (0.2 %) p = 0.0062), similarly micromutations in these genes. CNVs account for approximately 5.6 % of all pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. This indicates the need for integrating CNV analysis into routine diagnosis of hereditary cancer syndromes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>BRCA1/2</kwd><kwd>нарушение копийности локусов (CNV)</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd><kwd>ddPCR</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>рак яичников</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>BRCA1/2</kwd><kwd>copy number variation (CNV)</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd><kwd>ddPCR</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>ovarian cancer</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проводилось при поддержке гранта РНФ 24-45-10007</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant 24-45-10007</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han S.A., Kim S.W. BRCA and Breast Cancer-Related High-Penetrance Genes. 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