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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.08.14-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3110</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинические, биохимические и молекулярно-генетические особенности российских пациентов с болезнью Ниманна-Пика тип А, В и А/В. Результаты программы селективного скрининга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical, biochemical and molecular-genetic features of selective screening of Russian patients with Niemann-Pick disease types A, B and A/B. Results of the selective screening program</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русакова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusakova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Александровна Русакова</p><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Rusakova</p><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastyarus007@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазанова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazanova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мовсисян</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Movsisyan</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демьянов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demianov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каласов</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalasov</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>367000; ул. Ахмеда Магомедова, д. 2; Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>367027; 2, Akhmed Magomedov st.; Makhachkala</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жанин</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhanin</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безруких</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezrukikh</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197341; ул. Аккуратова, д. 2; Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2197341; 2, Akkuratova st.; St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончарова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>344015; ул. Стрелковой дивизии, д. 14; Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>344015; 14, Rifle Division; Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тяпайкина</surname><given-names>Г. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyapaikina</surname><given-names>G. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>428020; ул. Федора Гладкова, д. 27; Чебоксары</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>428020; 27, Fedora Gladkova st.; Cheboksary</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухоженко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhozhenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119071; Ленинский пр., д. 33, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119071; 33, build. 2, Leninsky prospect; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский проезд, д. 4; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4, Novy Zykovsky Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167; Новый Зыковский проезд, д. 4; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125167; 4, Novy Zykovsky Proezd; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асанов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asanov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119048; ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119048; 8-2, Trubetskaya st.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савостьянов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savostyanov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119296; Ломоносовский пр., 2, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 2, build. 1, Lomonosovsky pr.; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health Federal state autonomous institution of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ РД Республиканский перинатальный центр им. Омарова С.-М.А.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Perinatal Center named after S.-M.A.Omarov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В. А. Алмазова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ РО Областная детская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БУ Республиканская детская клиническая больница Минздрава здравоохранения Чувашской Республики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФИЦ Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии Российской Академии Наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Federal Research Center «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Hematology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Русакова А.А., Мазанова Н.Н., Мовсисян Г.Б., Демьянов Д.С., Каласов М.Н., Жанин И.С., Безруких В.А., Гончарова Л.В., Тяпайкина Г.Л., Сухоженко А.В., Пушков А.А., Алексеева А.Ю., Пономарев Р.В., Лукина Е.А., Фисенко А.П., Асанов А.Ю., Савостьянов К.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Русакова А.А., Мазанова Н.Н., Мовсисян Г.Б., Демьянов Д.С., Каласов М.Н., Жанин И.С., Безруких В.А., Гончарова Л.В., Тяпайкина Г.Л., Сухоженко А.В., Пушков А.А., Алексеева А.Ю., Пономарев Р.В., Лукина Е.А., Фисенко А.П., Асанов А.Ю., Савостьянов К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rusakova A.A., Mazanova N.N., Movsisyan G.B., Demianov D.S., Kalasov M.N., Zhanin I.S., Bezrukikh V.A., Goncharova L.V., Tyapaikina G.L., Sukhozhenko A.V., Pushkov A.A., Alekseeva A.Y., Ponomarev R.V., Lukina E.A., Fisenko A.P., Asanov A.Y., Savostyanov K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3110">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3110</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Болезнь Ниманна-Пика, тип А, В и А/В (БНП) — редкое аутосомно-рецессивное заболевание из группы лизосомных болезней накопления, обусловленное недостаточностью фермента кислой сфингомиелиназы. Широкий спектр клинических проявлений, сопровождающийся мультиорганными поражениями, а также возраст дебюта первых симптомов болезни на первом году жизни для БНП, тип А и А/В требует повышенной настороженности специалистов различного профиля при консультировании пациентов, а возможность успешного применения патогенетической заместительной ферментной терапии подчеркивает значимость ранней лабораторной диагностики данного заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель: описать клинические, биохимические и молекулярно-генетические особенности российских пациентов с БНП, тип А, В и А/В, а также представить современные возможности селективного скрининга данного заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>   Методы</title><p>   Методы. Анализ активности кислой сфингомиелиназы проводили в образцах сухих пятен крови 4498 пациентов, поступивших на диагностику в лабораторию медицинской геномики Медико-генетического центра ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России с 2013 по 2024 годы в рамках различных программ селективного скрининга. Молекулярно-генетическая диагностика при снижении у пациентов активности сфингомиелиназы осуществлялась с использованием секвенирования по Сэнгеру.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Впервые в России представлены клинические и молекулярно-генетические особенности репрезентативной когорты 20 российских пациентов с БНП, тип А, В и А/В, а также описаны современные возможности селективного скрининга данного заболевания с применением метода тандемной масс-спектрометрии на первом этапе. Было выявлено 24 различных каузальных варианта гена SMPD1 у 20 российских пациентов. Анализ семейного анамнеза позволил установить высокую частоту (37 %) пациентов, рожденных от близкородственных браков.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. Niemann-Pick disease, types A, B and A/B (NPD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder from the group of lysosomal disorders caused by deficiency of the enzyme acid sphingomyelinase. The average incidence of the disease is 0.4 – 0.6 cases per 100,000 live births.</p></sec><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim: to describe the clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic features of 20 Russian patients with NPD, types A, B and A/B, and to describe the experience of selective screening for NPD types A, B and A/B.</p></sec><sec><title>   Methods</title><p>   Methods. The activity of acid sphingomyelinase was analyzed in samples of 4498 patients admitted for examination to the Medical Genomics Laboratory of the Medical Genetics Center of the Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation from 2013 to 2024 as part of various selective screening programs. Molecular genetic diagnostics in patients with reduced sphingomyelinase activity was performed using Sanger sequencing.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. For the first time in Russia, the results of twelve years of experience in selective screening of a rare hereditary Niemann-Pick disease types A, B and A/B are presented, including clinical and anamnestic manifestations, biochemical and molecular genetic research methods. 24 different variants of the SMPD1 gene were identified in 20 Russian patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лизосомные болезни накопления</kwd><kwd>болезнь Ниманна-Пика</kwd><kwd>тип А</kwd><kwd>В и А/В</kwd><kwd>сфингомиелинфосфодиэстераза</kwd><kwd>семейный случай</kwd><kwd>клиническая картина</kwd><kwd>ген SMPD1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lysosomal storage disease</kwd><kwd>Niemann-Pick disease type А</kwd><kwd>А/В and В</kwd><kwd>sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase</kwd><kwd>a family case</kwd><kwd>clinical picture</kwd><kwd>SMPD1 gene</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vanier M.T. 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