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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.07.132-134</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3103</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетические предикторы долголетия и выживаемости при физиологическом и патологическом старении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic markers of longevity and survival in physiological and pathological aging</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эрдман</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erdman</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, д. 71;</p><p>450008, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71, October prospect, Ufa, 450054;</p><p>3, Lenina st., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туктарова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuktarova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, д. 71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71, October prospect, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петинцева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petintseva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, д. 71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71, October prospect, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимашева</surname><given-names>Я. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timasheva</surname><given-names>Y. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, д. 71;</p><p>450008, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71, October prospect, Ufa, 450054;</p><p>3, Lenina st., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насибуллин</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasibullin</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450054, г. Уфа, Проспект Октября, д. 71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>71, October prospect, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение ФГБНУ Уфимский федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение ФГБНУ Уфимский федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>132</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Эрдман В.В., Туктарова И.А., Петинцева А.А., Тимашева Я.Р., Насибуллин Т.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эрдман В.В., Туктарова И.А., Петинцева А.А., Тимашева Я.Р., Насибуллин Т.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Erdman V.V., Tuktarova I.A., Petintseva A.A., Timasheva Y.R., Nasibullin T.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3103">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3103</self-uri><abstract><p>Увеличение продолжительности жизни при физиологическом старении и в условиях развития возрастных патологий обусловлено специфическими адаптивными механизмами, в том числе генетическим профилем индивида. С целью исследования молекулярно-генетических механизмов долголетия на выборке из 3265 неродственных лиц в возрасте 18–114 лет, жителей Республики Башкортостан, проведен анализ выживаемости на фоне развития патологий возраста и при здоровом старении. В качестве предикторов выбраны полиморфные варианты тридцати генов клеточного гомеостаза. Идентифицированы маркеры выживаемости и возрастной адаптации в условиях развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (PON1 rs662, NFE2L2 rs6721961, AKT1 rs3803304, HIF1A rs11549465, TEAD1 Ya5ac2013), цереброваскулярных патологий (PON1 rs662, SEMA6A Yb8NBC597, GPX1 rs1050450), онкологических заболеваний (MTHFR rs1801133, SOD1 rs2070424, CAT rs1001179), сахарного диабета и полиморбидного статуса (SIRT1 rs3758391, LAMA2 Ya5-MLS19). Генетическими предикторами выживаемости при физиологическом старении оказались ДНК-локусы NFE2L2 rs6721961, KEAP1 rs1048290, AKT1 rs3803304. Таким образом, гены, вовлеченные в редокс-регуляцию, антиоксидантную защиту липидов, клеточную пролиферацию и активность, аутофагию и апоптоз, ассоциированы с выживаемостью и достижением долголетия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Increased life expectancy during physiological aging and in age-related pathologies development is due to specific adaptive mechanisms, including individual genetic profile. With the aim to investigate the molecular-genetic bases of longevity, the sample of 3265 unrelated individuals aged 18–114 years from of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the survival under pathologies conditions and in healthy aging was analyzed. Polymorphic variants of thirty genes of cellular homeostasis were selected as the predictors. Markers of survival and agerelated adaptation to cardiovascular diseases (PON1 rs662, NFE2L2 rs6721961, AKT1 rs3803304, HIF1A rs11549465, TEAD1 Ya5ac2013), cerebrovascular pathologies (PON1 rs662, SEMA6A Yb8NBC597, GPX1 rs1050450), cancer (MTHFR rs1801133, SOD1 rs2070424, CAT rs1001179), diabetes mellitus and multimorbidity (SIRT1 rs3758391, LAMA2 Ya5-MLS19) were identified. The genetic predictors of survival in physiological aging were NFE2L2 rs6721961, KEAP1 rs1048290, and AKT1 rs3803304. Thus, genes involved in redox regulation, antioxidant protection of lipids, cell proliferation and activity, autophagy and apoptosis are associated with survival and longevity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>долголетие</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>генетический полиморфизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>longevity</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>genetic polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ (Грант № 24-25-00179 , https://rscf.ru/project/24-25-00179/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant no. 24-25-00179, https://rscf.ru/project/24-25-00179/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naghavi M., Ong K.., Aali A, et al. 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