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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.07.126-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ нецелевой активности CRISPR/Cas9 в дрожжевой модели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 Off-Target Activity in a Yeast Model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумега</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumega</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шумега Андрей Романович,</p><p>198504, г. Санкт-Петербург, Петергоф, ул. Ботаническая, 17;</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17, Botanicheskaya st., St. Petersburg, Peterhof, 198504;</p><p>7-9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shumega84@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Девяткин</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deviatkin</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>7-9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степченкова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepchenkova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>198504, г. Санкт-Петербург, Петергоф, ул. Ботаническая, 17;</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>17, Botanicheskaya st., St. Petersburg, Peterhof, 198504;</p><p>7-9, Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова РАН, Санкт-Петербургский филиал;&#13;
Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
St. Petersburg State University, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>126</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шумега А.Р., Девяткин Д.М., Степченкова Е.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шумега А.Р., Девяткин Д.М., Степченкова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shumega A.R., Deviatkin D.M., Stepchenkova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3101">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3101</self-uri><abstract><p>Методы геномного редактирования на основе Cas9 могут представлять опасность при использовании в медицине, поскольку системы CRISPR/Cas9 являются мутагенными факторами, способными вносить одно- и двунитевые разрывы в ДНК как в целевых, так и в нецелевых участках генома и провоцировать нежелательные мутации в месте разрыва. Нецелевая активность редактирующего комплекса связана с тем, что РНК, направляющая нуклеазу Cas9 в сайт редактирования, способна распознавать не полностью комплементарные ей 20-нуклеотидные сайты генома, и даже при неполной комплементарности направляющей РНК и последовательности мишени возможно формирование двунитевого разрыва. В данной работе мы использовали дрожжей Saccharomyces cerevisiae в качестве модельного организма для оценки влияния неспаренностей в различных положениях гидовой РНК на эффективность редактирования с использованием Cas9.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cas9-based genome editing methods may pose a risk when used in medicine because CRISPR/Cas9 systems are mutagenic, capable of introducing single- and double-strand breaks in DNA in both target and non-target regions of the genome, leading to unwanted mutations at the break site. The non-target activity of the editing complex is due to its ability to recognize 20-nucleotide sites in the genome that are not fully complementary to its guide RNA and introduce a double-strand break. In this study, we used the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism to evaluate the effect of mismatches at different positions of the guide RNA on the editing efficiency of Cas9.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мутагенез</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mutagenesis</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leonard A., Tisdale J. F. A new frontier: FDA approvals for gene therapy in sickle cell disease. Molecular Therapy. 2024;32(2):264-267.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leonard A., Tisdale J. F. 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