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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.06.66-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3025</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогностическая значимость инактивации X-хромосомы у женщин-носительниц мутаций в гене EDA</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prognostic significance of X-сhromosome inactivation in female carriers of EDA mutations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковальская</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalskaia</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhailova.v.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Череватова</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherevatova</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>А. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щагина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schagina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжкова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechye st, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ковальская В.А., Череватова Т.Б., Зинина Е.В., Степанова А.A., Щагина О.А., Поляков А.В., Рыжкова О.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковальская В.А., Череватова Т.Б., Зинина Е.В., Степанова А.A., Щагина О.А., Поляков А.В., Рыжкова О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovalskaia V.A., Cherevatova T.B., Zinina E.V., Stepanova A.A., Schagina O.A., Polyakov A.V., Ryzhkova O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3025">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3025</self-uri><abstract><p>Эктодермальная дисплазия представляет собой разнородную группу генетических заболеваний, связанных с нарушением формирования эктодермальных структур. Наиболее распространенной формой является Х-сцепленная гипогидротическая эктодермальная дисплазия (ГЭД), обусловленная мутациями в гене EDA, кодирующем белок эктодисплазин A, ключевой для развития эктодермальных тканей. В связи с Х-сцепленным характером наследования мужчины болеют чаще, однако у женщин-носительниц также могут наблюдаться клинические проявления. Вариабельность фенотипа у женщин традиционно связывается со смещенной инактивацией X-хромосомы (XCI), однако эта гипотеза остается дискутабельной. Цель: изучение паттернов XCI у женщин-носительниц мутаций в EDA и их связи с тяжестью клинических проявлений. Анализ проведен на 47 пациентках с использованием метил-чувствительной и флуоресцентно-меченой ПЦР. Полученные данные не выявили статистически значимой корреляции между степенью XCI и выраженностью симптомов ГЭД (p = 0,277). Исследование подтверждает, что анализ XCI в крови не является надежным предиктором тяжести заболевания у женщин с Х-сцепленной ГЭД и не может быть рекомендован для диагностики и реклассификации вариантов неопределенного клинического значения в гене EDA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) represents a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders associated with impaired development of ectodermal structures. The most common form is X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED), caused by mutations in the EDA gene, which encodes ectodysplasin A, a key protein involved in the development of ectodermal tissues. Due to the X-linked inheritance pattern, males are more frequently affected; however, female carriers may also exhibit clinical manifestations. The phenotypic variability in females has traditionally been attributed to skewed X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), though this hypothesis remains controversial.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze XCI patterns in female carriers of EDA mutations and assess their correlation with the severity of clinical manifestations.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study was conducted on 47 female patients using methylation-sensitive PCR and analysis of repeats in the AR gene.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The obtained data did not reveal a statistically significant correlation between the degree of XCI and the severity of HED symptoms (p = 0.277).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. This study confirms that the analysis of XCI in blood is not a reliable predictor of disease severity in females with X-linked HED and, therefore, should not be recommended for diagnostic purposes or reclassification of variants of uncertain significance in the EDA gene.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эктодермальная дисплазия</kwd><kwd>EDA</kwd><kwd>инактивация Х-хромосомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ectodermal dysplasia</kwd><kwd>EDA</kwd><kwd>X-chromosome inactivation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ для ФГБНУ МГНЦ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out with the support of the state assignment from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Itin P. 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