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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.06.24-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-3014</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффект генетических особенностей выработки интерлейкинов на связь неблагоприятного детского опыта с когнитивными функциями при шизофрении</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of genetic polymorphism of interleukin production on the association of adverse childhood experiences with cognitive functions in schizophrenia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алфимова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alfimova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алфимова Маргарита Валентиновна.</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita V. Alfimova.</p><p>34, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.alfimova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габаева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabaeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лежейко</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lezheiko</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плакунова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plakunova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голимбет</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golimbet</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 34</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Научный центр психического здоровья</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mental Health Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алфимова М.В., Габаева М.В., Лежейко Т.В., Плакунова В.В., Голимбет В.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алфимова М.В., Габаева М.В., Лежейко Т.В., Плакунова В.В., Голимбет В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alfimova M.V., Gabaeva M.V., Lezheiko T.V., Plakunova V.V., Golimbet V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3014">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3014</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Известно, что неблагоприятный детский опыт (НДО) повышает риск развития шизофрении. Предполагают, что одним из механизмов влияния НДО на заболевание является повышение активации иммунной системы. Следовательно, генетический полиморфизм иммунной системы может быть причиной вариативности проявлений заболевания, включая когнитивный дефицит, что важно учитывать при превенции и лечении психоза.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценка эффекта генетических особенностей выработки интерлейкинов (ИЛ) на связь между НДО и когнициями пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Выборку составили 203 больных шизофренией 16–45 лет, выполнивших тесты для оценки вербальной беглости (ВБ) и внимания/рабочей памяти. У участников определяли наличие НДО, полигенные показатели (ПГП) концентрации провоспалительных ИЛ (ИЛ6, ИЛ8, ИЛ18, ИЛ27) и мультигенный показатель (МГП) вредоносности мутаций в генах регуляторных ИЛ (ИЛ2, ИЛ4, ИЛ10, ИЛ13). Модифицирующий эффект генетических показателей на связь НДО и когниций оценивали методом ковариационного анализа, с контролем пола, ПГП шизофрении и интеллекта, а также двух главных компонент генетической дисперсии выборки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлен эффект ИЛ6-ПГП на связь НДО с ВБ. Отрицательное влияние высоких ИЛ6-ПГП на ВБ обнаружено у женщин с НДО. ИЛ8-ПГП и МГП были связаны с когнициями независимо от НДО.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты подтверждают гипотезу о неблагоприятном влиянии генетических особенностей, ведущих к повышению концентрации ИЛ6, на когниции больных шизофренией с наличием НДО и указывают на половую специфичность данного эффекта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are known to increase the risk of schizophrenia. One putative mechanism of the ACEs’ influence on the disease is an increased activation of the immune system. Thus, genetic polymorphism of the immune system may cause variability in disease manifestations, including cognitive deficits, which is important to consider in the prevention and treatment of psychosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to assess the effect of genetically determined characteristics of interleukin production on the relations between ACEs and cognitive deficit in patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The sample included 203 schizophrenia patients aged 16–45 years who completed tests of verbal fluency (VF) and attention/ working memory. The presence of ACEs, polygenic risk scores (PRS) of the concentration of proinflammatory interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-27) and a multigenic risk score (MGS) of the deleteriousness impact of mutations in the genes of regulatory interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) were assessed for each participant. The moderation effect of genetic variables on the association between ACEs and cognition was evaluated with covariance analysis, controlling for sex, schizophrenia PRS, intelligence PRS, and two ancestry-related principal components.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The IL6-PRS was a moderator of the association between ACEs and VF. The unfavorable influence of high IL6-PRS on VF took place in women with ACEs. IL8-PRS and MGS associated with cognition regardless of ACEs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results confirm the hypothesis of a negative effect of genetic polymorphism leading to an increase in IL-6 concentration on the cognitive functions of schizophrenia patients with ACEs and indicate that the effect is sex-specific.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетический полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>полигенный риск</kwd><kwd>интерлейкины</kwd><kwd>шизофрения</kwd><kwd>вербальная беглость</kwd><kwd>рабочая память</kwd><kwd>пол</kwd><kwd>неблагоприятный детский опыт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic polymorphism</kwd><kwd>polygenic risk scores</kwd><kwd>interleukins</kwd><kwd>schizophrenia</kwd><kwd>verbal fluency</kwd><kwd>working memory</kwd><kwd>sex</kwd><kwd>adverse childhood experiences</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brenhouse H.C., Danese A., Grassi-Oliveira R. 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