<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2025.04.14-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2943</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Х-сцепленный синдром Альпорта с диффузным лейомиоматозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>X-linked Alport syndrome with diffuse leiomyomatosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксенова</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aksenova</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аксенова Марина Евгеньевна</p><p>125412, г. Москва, , ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Marina E. Aksenova</p><p>2, Taldomskya st., Moscow, 125412</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksyonova@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайкова</surname><given-names>Н. M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaikova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125412, г. Москва, , ул. Талдомская, д. 2,</p><p>117513, г. Москва, , ул. Островитянова д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Taldomskya st., Moscow, 125412,</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova st., Moscow, 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>T. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117513, г. Москва, , ул. Островитянова д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanova st., Moscow, 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е.Вельтищева;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yu.E.Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery;&#13;
Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е.Вельтищева; &#13;
ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yu.E.Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery;&#13;
Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov;&#13;
The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аксенова М.Е., Зайкова Н.M., Алексеева T.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аксенова М.Е., Зайкова Н.M., Алексеева T.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aksenova M.E., Zaikova N.M., Alekseeva N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2943">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2943</self-uri><abstract><p>Диффузный лейомиоматоз – редкое заболевание, которое в большинстве случаев ассоциируется с Х-сцепленным синдромом Альпорта. Распространенность Х-сцепленного синдрома Альпорта с диффузным лейомиоматозом не известна (описано менее 50 клинических наблюдений). Заболевание обусловлено протяженной делецией генов COL4A5 и COL4A6. Поэтому клинические проявления и особенности прогноза пациентов определяются сочетанием синдрома Альпорта и лейомиоматоза. Мы представляем клиническое наблюдение за девочкой c микрогематурией, у которой в 9-летнем возрасте возникли хронический кашель и дисфагия. На рентгенограмме легких было выявлено объемное образование средостения. Компьютерная томография грудной клетки, брюшной полости и эзофагодуоденоскопия показали выраженное неоднородное утолщение стенки пищевода и кардиального отдела желудка, типичные для диффузного лейомиоматоза. Не было выявлено показаний к хирургическому вмешательству по поводу лейомиоматоза. Исследование панели генов синдрома Альпорта было отрицательным. Полногеномное секвенирование выявило протяженную делецию генов COL4A5 и COL4A6. Ребенок имел альбуминурию; сохранный слух. Настоящее наблюдение подчеркивает значение генетического исследования для диагностики заболевания, которая определяет тактику ведения (включая мультидисциплинарный подход) и прогноз (включая семейный) пациента, а также необходимость индивидуального подхода к выбору метода генетической диагностики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diffuse leiomyomatosis is a rare disorder that is associated with X-linked Alport syndrome in most cases. The prevalence of X-linked Alport syndrome with diffuse leiomyomatosis is unknown (less than 50 clinical cases have been published to date). The disease is resulting from contiguous deletions of COL4A5 and COL4A6. Therefore, the clinical manifestations and prognosis of patients are determined by the combination of X-linked Alport syndrome and leiomyomatosis. We describe the case of Caucasian female patient with a lifelong history of microhematuria and persistent cough and dysphagia that developed at age 9. A chest Х-ray revealed mediastinal mass. A computed tomography scan of the chest and abdomen and esophagoduodenoscopy showed marked irregular parietal thickening of the esophagus and cardia with dilatation of the upper regions of the esophagus corresponding to diagnosis of diffuse leiomyomatosis. No indications for surgical intervention of leiomiomatosis were identified. The Alport syndrome genes panel was negative. Whole genome sequencing has revealed contiguous deletions of genes COL4A5 and COL4A6. The patient had albuminuria; no sensorineural hearing loss was detected. Herein, we highlight the importance of genetic testing to determine the management (including multidisciplinary approach) and prognosis (including familial) of the patient, as well as the need for an individual approach to the choice of genetic method.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Х-сцепленный синдром Альпорта</kwd><kwd>лейомиоматоз</kwd><kwd>COL4A5</kwd><kwd>COL4A6</kwd><kwd>продленная делеция генов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>X-linked Alport syndrome</kwd><kwd>diffuse leiomyomatosis</kwd><kwd>COL4A5</kwd><kwd>COL4A6</kwd><kwd>сontiguous gene deletion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou X., Wang J., Mao J., Ye Q. Clinical Manifestations of Alport Syndrome-Diffuse Leiomyomatosis Patients With Contiguous Gene Deletions in COL4A6 and COL4A5. Front Med. 2021(8):766224. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.766224</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou X., Wang J., Mao J., Ye Q. Clinical Manifestations of Alport Syndrome-Diffuse Leiomyomatosis Patients With Contiguous Gene Deletions in COL4A6 and COL4A5. Front Med. 2021(8):766224. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.766224</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heidet L., Dahan K., Zhou J. et al. Deletions of both alpha-5(IV) and alpha-6(IV) collagen genes in Alport syndrome and in Alport syndrome associated with smooth muscle tumours. Hum Molec Genet. 1995; 4 (1): 99-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heidet L., Dahan K., Zhou J. et al. Deletions of both alpha-5(IV) and alpha-6(IV) collagen genes in Alport syndrome and in Alport syndrome associated with smooth muscle tumours. Hum Molec Genet. 1995; 4 (1): 99-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bekheirnia M.R., Reed B., Gregory M.C. et al. Genotype-Phenotype correlation in X-linked Alport Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;21(5):876-883. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2009070784</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bekheirnia M.R., Reed B., Gregory M.C. et al. Genotype-Phenotype correlation in X-linked Alport Syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;21(5):876-883. DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2009070784</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savige J., Colville D., Rheault M. et al. Alport Syndrome in Women and Girls. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11(9):1713-20. DOI: 10.2215/CJN.00580116</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savige J., Colville D., Rheault M. et al. Alport Syndrome in Women and Girls. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11(9):1713-20. DOI: 10.2215/CJN.00580116</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thielen B.K., Barker D.F., Nelson R.D. et al. Deletion mapping in Alport syndrome and Alport syndrome-diffuse leiomyomatosis reveals potential mechanisms of visceral smooth muscle overgrowth. Hum Mutat. 2003;22(5):419. DOI: 10.1002/humu.9191</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thielen B.K., Barker D.F., Nelson R.D. et al. Deletion mapping in Alport syndrome and Alport syndrome-diffuse leiomyomatosis reveals potential mechanisms of visceral smooth muscle overgrowth. Hum Mutat. 2003;22(5):419. DOI: 10.1002/humu.9191</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oohashi T., Naito I., Ueki Y. et al. Clonal overgrowth of esophageal smooth muscle cells in diffuse leiomyomatosis-Alport syndrome caused by partial deletion in COL4A5 and COL4A6 genes. Matrix Biol. 2011;30(1):3–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.09.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oohashi T., Naito I., Ueki Y. et al. Clonal overgrowth of esophageal smooth muscle cells in diffuse leiomyomatosis-Alport syndrome caused by partial deletion in COL4A5 and COL4A6 genes. Matrix Biol. 2011;30(1):3–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.09.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sánchez-Heras A.B., Castillejo A., García-Díaz J.D. et al. Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer Syndrome in Spain: Clinical and Genetic Characterization. Cancers. 2020; 12(11):3277. DOI:10.3390/cancers12113277</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sánchez-Heras A.B., Castillejo A., García-Díaz J.D. et al. Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer Syndrome in Spain: Clinical and Genetic Characterization. Cancers. 2020; 12(11):3277. DOI:10.3390/cancers12113277</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goh S., Ho J., Chuah K. et al. Leiomyomatosis-Like Lymphangioleiomyomatosis of the Colon in a Female with Tuberous Sclerosis. Mod Pathol. 2001;14(11):1141–1146. DOI:10.1038/ modpathol.3880449</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goh S., Ho J., Chuah K. et al. Leiomyomatosis-Like Lymphangioleiomyomatosis of the Colon in a Female with Tuberous Sclerosis. Mod Pathol. 2001;14(11):1141–1146. DOI:10.1038/modpathol.3880449</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torra R., Lipska-Ziętkiewicz B., Acke F. et al. Diagnosis, management and treatment of the Alport syndrome – 2024 guideline on behalf of ERKNet, ERA and ESPN. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2025;40(6):1091–1106, https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae265</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torra R., Lipska-Ziętkiewicz B., Acke F. et al. Diagnosis, management and treatment of the Alport syndrome – 2024 guideline on behalf of ERKNet, ERA and ESPN. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2025;40(6):1091–1106, https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae265</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar P., Breach N.M., Goldstraw P. Esophageal leiomyomatosis involving trachea: surgical resection and repair. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;63(2):531-3. DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(96)01232-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar P., Breach N.M., Goldstraw P. Esophageal leiomyomatosis involving trachea: surgical resection and repair. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997;63(2):531-3. DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(96)01232-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wagh C., Pande S., Salunke V. Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2024;31(7):549-550. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2024.04.005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wagh C., Pande S., Salunke V. Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2024;31(7):549-550. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2024.04.005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
