medgenМедицинская генетикаMedical Genetics2073-7998Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC10.25557/2073-7998.2025.02.31-45medgen-2609Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHАссоциация полиморфизмов rs4986790 и rs4986791 гена TLR4 с риском развития острых респираторных вирусных заболеваний: метаанализAssociation of rs4986790 and rs4986791 polymorphisms of the TLR4 gene with the risk of developing acute respiratory viral diseases: a meta-analysisАль-ДжавадиА.М.А.Al -JavadiA.M.A.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, д. 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya st., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

ali.sindbadland@gmail.comАлсетД.AlsetD.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, д. 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya st., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

ПокудинаИ. О.PokudinaI. O.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, д. 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya st., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

ШкуратТ. П.ShkuratT. P.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, д. 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya st., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

ФГАОУ ВО Южный федеральный университетРоссияSouthern Federal UniversityRussian Federation2025270320252423145Copyright © Аль-Джавади А., Алсет Д., Покудина И.О., Шкурат Т.П., 20252025Аль-Джавади А., Алсет Д., Покудина И.О., Шкурат Т.П.Al -Javadi A., Alset D., Pokudina I.O., Shkurat T.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2609Введение

Введение. Острые респираторные вирусные заболевания (ОРВЗ) являются одной из актуальных медицинских и социально-экономических проблем, часто встречающихся во всех возрастных группах во всем мире. Наиболее важными этиологическими агентами заболевания считают респираторно-синцитиальный вирус (РСВ) и вирус гриппа. TLR4 − это рецептор врожденного иммунитета на поверхности клетки, который распознает патоген-ассоциированные молекулярные паттерны (PAMP), включая вирусные белки, и запускает выработку интерферонов I типа и провоспалительных цитокинов для борьбы с инфекцией. Во многих исследованиях сообщается о влиянии полиморфизмов Asp299Gly и Thr399Ile TLR4 на риск развития ОРВЗ, однако однозначные выводы не были сделаны.

Цель

Цель: изучение связи между полиморфизмами Asp299Gly rs4986790 и Thr399Ile rs4986791 гена Toll-подобного рецептора (TLR4) и развитием ОРВЗ.

Методы

Методы. Систематический поиск литературы был выполнен с использованием баз данных PubMed, Google Scholar Search, РИНЦ в соответствии с руководством PRISMA 2020. Объединенные коэффициенты отношения шансов с соответствующими 95% доверительными интервалами были рассчитаны по пяти генетическим моделям. Обработка данных и построение лесовидных диаграмм для оценки обобщенных результатов проводились в программе RevMan 5.4.

Результаты

Результаты. В метаанализ были включены 9 публикаций по полиморфизму rs4986790 и 5 по полиморфизму rs4986791, отвечающих критериям включения/невключения. Большинство статей совмещали в себе исследования по двум изучаемым полиморфизмам. Численность основной группы для Asp299Gly составила 1228 человек, контрольной – 8694, для Thr399Ile − 629 и 2858 соответственно. Включенные в метаанализ результаты не имели существенной гетерогенности среди исследований по всем генетическим моделям. Проанализированные данные показали, что исследованные полиморфизмы не были связаны с риском ОРВЗ.

Выводы

Выводы. Проведенное исследование может быть полезным для лучшего понимания точной роли каждого компонента врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета при ОРВЗ. Эти данные, суммируя положительную, отрицательную или отсутствующую корреляцию между ОРВЗ и полиморфизмами генов, предоставляют важную информацию о механизмах вирусной инфекции и могут помочь в разработке новых вакцин и создании фармакологических методов лечения.

Background

Background. Acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) is one of the pressing medical and socio-economic problems, frequently occurring in all age groups worldwide. The most important viral etiologic agents are respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus. TLR4 is an innate immune receptor on the cell surface that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including viral proteins, and triggers the production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines to fight infection. Many studies have reported the effect of TLR4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms on the risk of developing ARVI, but no definitive conclusions have been made.

Aim

Aim: to investigate the association between the rs4986790 and rs4986791 polymorphisms of the Toll-like receptor (TLR4) gene and the development of ARVI.

Methods

Methods. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Google Scholar Search, and Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) databases according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Pooled odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for five genetic models. Data processing and construction of forest plots to assess the pooled results were performed in RevMan 5.4.

Results

Results. The meta-analysis included 9 publications on the rs4986790 polymorphism and 5 on the rs4986791 polymorphism, that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Most of the articles combined studies of both polymorphisms. The sumple size of the main group for Asp299Gly was 1228, the control group – 8694, for Thr399Ile – 629 and 2858, respectively. The results included in the meta-analysis did not have significant heterogeneity among studies for all genetic models. The analyzed data showed that the studied polymorphisms were not associated with the risk of ARVI.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The study may be useful for better understanding the exact role of each component of innate and adaptive immunity in ARVI. These data, summarizing the positive, negative or absent correlation between ARVI and gene polymorphisms, provide important information on the mechanisms of viral infection and can help in the development of new vaccines and pharmacological treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.