medgenМедицинская генетикаMedical Genetics2073-7998Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC10.25557/2073-7998.2025.01.23-33medgen-2601Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHСравнительное исследование комплекса рибосомных генов в клетках периферической крови больных кататонической и параноидной формами шизофренииComparative study of the complex of ribosomal genes in peripheral blood cells of patients with catatonic and paranoid forms of schizophreniaАгафоноваО. Н.AgafonovaO. N.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

ЕршоваЕ. С.ErshovaE. S.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

es-ershova@rambler.ruМартыновА. В.MartynovA. V.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

СалимоваТ. А.SalimovaT. A.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

КостюкГ. П.KostyukG. P.

117152, г. Москва, Загородное шоссе, д. 2

2, Zagorodnoye shosse, Moscow, 117152

ЗахароваН. В.ZakharovaN. V.

192019, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 3

3, Bekhtereva st., St Petersburg, 192019

ВейкоН. Н.VeikoN. N.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

КостюкС. В.KostyukS. V.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д.1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

ФГБНУ Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. БочковаРоссияResearch Centre for Medical GeneticsRussian FederationПсихиатрическая клиническая больница № 1 имени Н.А. Алексеева Департамента здравоохранения города МосквыРоссияPsychiatric Hospital no. 1 Named after N.A. Alexeev of the Department of Health of MoscowRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева, Институт персонализированной психиатрии и неврологииРоссияV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, The Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and NeurologyRussian Federation2025110320252412333Copyright © Агафонова О.Н., Ершова Е.С., Мартынов А.В., Салимова Т.А., Костюк Г.П., Захарова Н.В., Вейко Н.Н., Костюк С.В., 20252025Агафонова О.Н., Ершова Е.С., Мартынов А.В., Салимова Т.А., Костюк Г.П., Захарова Н.В., Вейко Н.Н., Костюк С.В.Agafonova O.N., Ershova E.S., Martynov A.V., Salimova T.A., Kostyuk G.P., Zakharova N.V., Veiko N.N., Kostyuk S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2601

Впервые проведено сравнительное исследование характеристик комплекса рибосомных генов (рДНК) в клетках крови больных кататонической и параноидной формами шизофрении и контрольной выборки. В исследовании приняли участие больные шизофренией, которые проживают в г. Москве и Московской области и проходили лечение в связи с обострением заболевания в Психиатрической клинической больнице № 1 имени Н.А. Алексеева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы. Было сформировано три группы: кататоническая шизофрения (N=124); диагноз (МКБ-10): F20.2; группа больных параноидной формой шизофрении (N=450), (F20.0) и группа контроля (N=240) – психически здоровые люди. Определили уровень повреждения рДНК и ДНК ядер (проточная цитометрия), число копий рДНК в клетке (нерадиоактивная гибридизация), уровень транскрипции рДНК и количество 18S рРНК (ОТ-ПЦР). Кататония ассоциирована с более высоким уровнем повреждения рДНК и ДНК и с большим содержанием рДНК и 18S рРНК в клетках крови больных. Предполагается, что повышенный уровень биогенеза рибосом, включая большое содержание копий рДНК в клетках больных с кататонией, необходим для эффективного ответа на более сильный окислительный стресс.

For the first time, a comparative study of the characteristics of the ribosomal gene complex (rDNA) in the blood cells of patients with catatonic and paranoid schizophrenia and a control sample was conducted. The study involved patients with schizophrenia who live in Moscow and the Moscow region and were treated for an exacerbation of the disease at the N.A. Alekseev Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Moscow City Health Department. Two groups were formed: catatonic schizophrenia (N 124); diagnosis (ICD-10): F20.2; a group of patients with the paranoid form of schizophrenia (N 450), (F20.0) and a control group (N = 240) – mentally healthy people. The level of rDNA and nuclear DNA damage (flow cytometry), the number of rDNA copies in a cell (non-radioactive hybridization), the level of rDNA transcription and the amount of 18S rRNA (RT-PCR) were determined. Catatonia is associated with higher levels of rDNA and DNA damage and higher levels of rDNA and 18S rRNA in the blood cells of patients. It is suggested that increased levels of ribosome biogenesis, including higher levels of rDNA copies in the cells of patients with catatonia, are necessary for an effective response to higher oxidative stress.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.