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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2024.12.58-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2587</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфный локус CAGn гена андрогенового рецептора (AR) у пациентов с синдромом Клайнфельтера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CAGn polymorphic locus of the androgen receptor (AR) gene in Klinefelter syndrome patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черных Вячеслав Борисович</p><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1; 117513, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Vyacheslav B. Chernykh</p><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478; 1, Ostrovityanova st., Moscow, 117513</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernykh@med-gen.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штаут</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtaut</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспалюк</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalyuk</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117292, г. Москва, ул. Дмитрия Ульянова, д.11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Dm. Ulyanova st., Moscow, 117292</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Близнец</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bliznets</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Опарина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oparina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, г. Москва, ГСП-1, Абрикосовский пер., д.2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Abrikosovsky per., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щагина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schagina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова; ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации, ФГБНУ Российский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. Петровского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черных В.Б., Соловова О.А., Сорокина Т.М., Штаут М.И., Андреева М.В., Беспалюк Д.А., Степанова А.А., Близнец Е.А., Опарина Н.В., Шилова Н.В., Щагина О.А., Поляков А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черных В.Б., Соловова О.А., Сорокина Т.М., Штаут М.И., Андреева М.В., Беспалюк Д.А., Степанова А.А., Близнец Е.А., Опарина Н.В., Шилова Н.В., Щагина О.А., Поляков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernykh V.B., Solovova O.A., Sorokina T.M., Shtaut M.I., Andreeva M.V., Bespalyuk D.A., Stepanova A.A., Bliznets E.A., Oparina N.V., Shilova N.V., Schagina O.A., Polyakov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2587">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2587</self-uri><abstract><p>Синдром Клайнфельтера (СК) – наиболее частая гоносомная анеуплоидия, обусловленная наличием в кариотипе одной, реже 2-4 дополнительных Х-хромосом у пациентов мужского пола. Фенотипическая вариабельность заболевания может быть связана с влиянием цитогенетического варианта СК, а также других генетических и эпигенетических факторов. В ряде работ установлено влияние родительского происхождения и инактивации Х-хромосомы, а также ее генов и их вариантов, в частности, CAG-полиморфного локуса гена андрогенового рецептора (AR). Однако частота отдельных аллельных вариантов и генотипы по данному полиморфному локусу у пациентов с СК не исследованы. В данной работе исследован CAG-полиморфный локус гена AR у 222 пациентов с СК. Количество тринуклеотидных повторов определяли методом ПДАФ (полиморфизм длин амплифицированных фрагментов), основанном на ПЦР. Количество CAG-повторов варьировало от 14 до 32, среднее их число составило 22,3±2,7. В исследованной выборке 59 пациентов являлись гомозиготами, 163 – гетерозиготами по исследованному локусу. В обеих группах частые аллели содержали 20-25 CAG-повторов, медиана – 22 повтора. Обнаружено статистически значимое (p &lt;0,05) отличие по аллельной частоте наиболее частого варианта CAGn, n=21 между гомозиготами и гетерозиготами. Выявленное различие между пациентами с СК, являющихся гомозиготами и гетерозиготами по CAGn полиморфному локусу гена AR, может быть объяснено возможными различиями в частоте нерасхождения гоносом в половых клетках их родителей, что требует дальнейшего исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common gonosomal aneuploidy caused by the presence of one, rarely 2-4 additional X chromosomes in the karyotype in male patients. The phenotypic variability of the disease may be associated with the influence of the cytogenetic variant of KS, as well as other genetic and epigenetic factors. A number of studies have established the influence of parental origin and inactivation of the X chromosome, as well as its genes and their variants, in particular the CAG polymorphic locus of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. However, the frequency of individual allelic variants and genotypes for this polymorphic locus have not been studied in KS patients. In this study, the CAG polymorphic locus of the AR gene was analyzed in 222 KS patients. The number of trinucleotide repeats was determined using the PCR-based AFPL (amplified fragment lengths polymorphism) method. The number of CAG repeats varied from 14 to 32, the average number was 22.3 ± 2.7. In the studied sample, 59 patients were homozygous, 163 patients were heterozygous at this locus. In both groups, the frequent alleles contained 20-25 CAG repeats, the median was 22. A statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05) difference was found in the allelic frequency of the most common variant of CAGn, n=21 between homozygotes and heterozygotes. The revealed difference for CAGn polymorphic locus of the AR gene between homozygous and heterozygous KS patients can be explained by possible differences in the frequency of sex chromosomes non-disjunction in the germ cells of their parents, which requires further investigation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тринуклеотидные повторы</kwd><kwd>ген андрогенового рецептора (AR)</kwd><kwd>синдром Клайнфельтера</kwd><kwd>Х-хромосома</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trinucleotide repeats</kwd><kwd>androgen receptor (AR) gene</kwd><kwd>Klinefelter syndrome</kwd><kwd>X chromosome</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России для ФГБНУ МГНЦ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out according to the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for the Research Centre for Medical Genetics.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цитогенетика эмбрионального развития человека: научно-практические аспекты – Баранов В.С., Кузнецова Т.В. 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