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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2024.10.11-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2558</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ экспрессии генов и цифровое кариотипирование бластоцист человека  по результатам полнотранскриптомного секвенирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gene expression analysis and e-karyotyping of human blastocysts  using whole transcriptome sequencing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жигалина</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhigalina</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050, г. Томск,  ул. Набережная реки Ушайки, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Naberejnaya Ushaiki, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">darya.zhigalina@medgenetics.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канбекова</surname><given-names>О. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanbekova</surname><given-names>O. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634063, г. Томск, ул. И. Черных, 96/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>96/1, I. Chernykh st., Tomsk, 634063</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шитов В.А.</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shitov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050, г. Томск,  ул. Набережная реки Ушайки, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Naberejnaya Ushaiki, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрябин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skryabin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050, г. Томск,  ул. Набережная реки Ушайки, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10, Naberejnaya Ushaiki, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук, &#13;
Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской генетики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОГАУЗ Областной перинатальный центр им. И.Д. Евтушенко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Perinatal Center named after I.D. Yevtushenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жигалина Д.И., Канбекова О.Р., Шитов В.А. В.А., Скрябин Н.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жигалина Д.И., Канбекова О.Р., Шитов В.А. В.А., Скрябин Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhigalina D.I., Kanbekova O.R., Shitov V.A., Skryabin N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2558">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2558</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Изучение раннего эмбриогенеза человека сопряжено с анализом ограниченного количества биологического материала. Большинство методических подходов не дает возможности одновременно проанализировать несколько характеристик бластоцист на одном и том же материале. В данной работе представлены результаты пилотного исследования по секвенированию РНК клеток внутренней клеточной массы (ВКМ) и трофэктодермы (ТЭ) бластоцист человека.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценка возможности анализа экспрессии генов и реконструкции кариотипов бластоцист с использованием данных полнотранскриптомного секвенирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Материал – 16 бластоцист человека, которые были получены в рамках циклов экстракорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО) в ОГАУЗ «Областной перинатальный центр им. И.Д. Евтушенко». Бластоцисты были механически разделены на ВКМ (2 фрагмента) и ТЭ (3 фрагмента). Пробоподготовка библиотек для секвенирования РНК проводилась с помощью коммерческого набора QIAseq FX Single Cell RNA Library Kit (Qiagen, Germany). Секвенирование было произведено на приборе NextSeq 550 с использованием коммерческих наборов NextSeq 500/550 High Output Kit v2.5 sequencing kit и NextSeq 500/550 High Output Kit v2 kit (Illumina, США), а также на приборе NextSeq 2000 (Illumina, США) с использованием коммерческого набора NextSeq 2000 P3 reagents (300 cycles) (Illumina, США). Биоинформатическая обработка данных проводилась с использованием FastQC, multiQC, STAR, R, DESeq2, superFreq. Для реконструкции цифровых кариотипов исследуемых образцов в качестве референсных образцов с подтвержденным нормальным кариотипом были использованы эмбриоидные тельца (ЭТ), полученные из линий индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (ИПСК).</p></sec><sec><title> Результаты</title><p> Результаты. В бластоцистах 7 дня развития в сравнении с бластоцистами 5 дня (7vs5) была выделена группа генов, ответственных за рост бластоцист (CTR9, GINS1 и ZNF830). При сравнении 7vs5 и при сравнении 6vs5 было выделено несколько групп генов, ответственных за локализацию белков и трансляцию. Всего выявлено 286 признаков хромосомной нестабильности (signatures of chromosomal instability, CIN). Амплификации, делеции, частичные амплификации и делеции аутосом встречались с частотой 48,3%, 34,3%, 11,2% и 6,3%, соответственно. Наиболее часто выявлялись нарушения числа копий 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 22 хромосом. Нами была обнаружена обратная статистически значимая корреляция между качеством ТЭ и числом CIN в ВКМ, а также тенденция к уменьшению CIN в ТЭ при изменении качества ТЭ от «C» к «A».</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Реконструкция кариотипов бластоцист на основе данных полнотранскриптомного анализа возможна и представляет интерес с точки зрения изучения взаимосвязи экспрессионных профилей клеток бластоцист и их хромосомной конституции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The study of early human embryogenesis involves the analysis of a limited amount of biological material. Most methodological approaches do not allow for the simultaneous analysis of several blastocyst characteristics on the same material. This paper presents the results of a pilot study on RNA sequencing of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cells of human blastocysts.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: evaluation of the feasibility of gene expression analysis and blastocyst karyotype reconstruction using whole transcriptome sequencing data.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Material – 16 human blastocysts, which were obtained as part of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles at the Regional Perinatal Center named after I.D. Yevtushenko. Blastocysts were mechanically divided into the ICM (2 fragments) and TE (3 fragments). Sample preparation of libraries for RNA sequencing was carried out using the commercial QIAseq FX Single Cell RNA Library Kit (Qiagen, Germany). Sequencing was performed using a NextSeq 550 instrument and commercial NextSeq 500/550 High Output Kit v2.5 sequencing kit and NextSeq 500/550 High Output Kit v2 kit (Illumina, USA), as well as a NextSeq 2000 instrument (Illumina, USA) and a commercial NextSeq 2000 P3 reagents (300 cycles) kit (Illumina, USA). Bioinformatics data processing was performed using FastQC, multiQC, STAR. RStudio. superFreq. Embryoid bodies (EBs) obtained from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were used as reference samples with confirmed normal karyotype to reconstruct molecular karyotypes of the studied samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In blastocysts on day 7 of development, in comparison with blastocysts on day 5 (7vs5), a group of genes responsible for blastocyst growth (CTR9, GINS1 and ZNF830) was identified. When comparing 7vs5 and 6vs5, several groups of genes responsible for protein localization and translation were identified. A total of 286 signs of chromosomal instability (CIN) were identified. Amplifications, deletions, partial amplifications and deletions of autosomes occurred with a frequency of 48.3%, 34.3%, 11.2% and 6.3%, respectively. The most frequently detected copy number abnormalities were chromosomes 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17, 19, 22. We found an inverse statistically significant correlation between the quality of TE and the number of CIN in the ICM, as well as a tendency to decrease CIN in the trophectoderm with a change in the quality of TE from “C” to “A”.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Reconstruction of blastocyst karyotypes based on whole-transcriptome analysis data is possible and is of interest from the point of view of studying the relationship between the expression profiles of blastocyst cells and their chromosomal constitution.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анеуплоидия</kwd><kwd>преимплантационный генетический скрининг</kwd><kwd>ЭКО</kwd><kwd>цифровое кариотипирование</kwd><kwd>транскриптомный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aneuploidy</kwd><kwd>preimplantation genetic screening</kwd><kwd>IVF</kwd><kwd>e-karyotyping</kwd><kwd>transcriptome analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование поддержано грантом РНФ №20-74-00064 (2020-2021 гг.) «Реконструкция мутационных процессов у  эмбрионов человека на преимплантационном этапе развития на основе цифрового кариотипирования единичных клеток бластоцист».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 20-74-00064 (2020-2021).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaw L., Sneddon S.F., Zeef L., et al. 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