medgenМедицинская генетикаMedical Genetics2073-7998Publishing House «Genius Media» LLCmedgen-253Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫREVIEWЭпигенетика острого миелоидного лейкоза у детей и взрослыхEpigenetics of acute myeloid leukemia in adults and childrenРуденкоВ. В.RudenkoV. V.noemail@neicon.ruТанасА. С.TanasA. S.noemail@neicon.ruПопаА. В.PopaA. V.noemail@neicon.ruЗалетаевД. В.ZaletaevD. V.zalnem@mail.ruСтрельниковВ. В.StrelnikovV. V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»РоссияResearch Centre for Medical GeneticsRussian FederationФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаРоссияResearch Centre for Medical Genetics; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationРоссийский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. БлохинаРоссияN.N. Blokhin Russian Research Center for OncologyRussian FederationФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр»; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. СеченоваРоссияResearch Centre for Medical Genetics; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation201719092017164918Copyright © Руденко В.В., Танас А.С., Попа А.В., Залетаев Д.В., Стрельников В.В., 20172017Руденко В.В., Танас А.С., Попа А.В., Залетаев Д.В., Стрельников В.В.Rudenko V.V., Tanas A.S., Popa A.V., Zaletaev D.V., Strelnikov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/253

Эпигенетические нарушения играют важную роль в процессах лейкемогенеза. В настоящем обзоре изложены современные представления об эпигенетических механизмах, вовлеченных в процесс формирования и прогрессии острого миелоидного лейкоза (ОМЛ) у детей и взрослых. Подробно охарактеризованы нарушения генной экспрессии при ОМЛ вследствие деацетилирования гистонов, метилирования промоторных CpG-островков, а также посттрансляционного воздействия миРНК. В обзоре представлены наиболее изученные эпигенетические маркеры, а также краткий обзор собственного исследования маркеров метилирования ДНК при ОМЛ у детей. Рассматриваются терапевтические схемы воздействия на эпигенетическое звено патогенеза. Взаимодействие процессов ацетилирования/деацетилирования гистонов и деметилирования/метилирования ДНК представлено как значимое событие для определения курса терапии пациентов с ОМЛ.

Epigenetic alterations play a significant role in leukemogenesis. Here we present the current view on the epigenetic phenomena involved in the formation and progression of acute myeloid leukemia in children and adults. These include aberrant gene silencing by deactivating histone marks, aberrant DNA methylation of promoter CpG-islands, and posttranslational regulation of gene expression by means of miRNA. We present the most well studied epigenetic markers of acute myeloid leukemia in children and adults and briefly review our own recent advances in the field. Due attention is given to the epigenetic agents for acute myeloid leukemia treatment. We highlight the significance of the histone modifications and DNA methylation crosstalk which is to be considered in the developing of the treatment regimens.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.