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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2024.08.33-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2528</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Скрининг направляющих РНК для восстановления рамки считывания в гене DMD методом геномного редактирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Single guide RNAs screening for restoring the reading frame of the DMD gene by genome editing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левченко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levchenko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Левченко О. А.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Levchenko</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olia9998@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочергин-Никитский</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochergin-Nikitsky</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кочергин-Никитский К. С.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kochergin-Nikitsky K. S.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панчук</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panchuk</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панчук И. О.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Panchuk I. O.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Володина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Володина О. В.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volodina O. V.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагиева</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagieva</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагиева С. Э.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nagieva S. E.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куршакова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurshakova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куршакова Е. В.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurshakova E. V.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова И. О.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petrova I. O.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнихина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnikhina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнихина С. А.15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smirnikhina S. A.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лавров А. В.</p><p>15522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lavrov A. V.</p><p>1, Moskvorechye st., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ Медико-генетический научный центр им. академика Н.П. Бочкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Левченко О.А., Кочергин-Никитский К.С., Панчук И.О., Володина О.В., Нагиева С.Э., Куршакова Е.В., Петрова И.О., Смирнихина С.А., Лавров А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Левченко О.А., Кочергин-Никитский К.С., Панчук И.О., Володина О.В., Нагиева С.Э., Куршакова Е.В., Петрова И.О., Смирнихина С.А., Лавров А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Levchenko O.A., Kochergin-Nikitsky K.S., Panchuk I.O., Volodina O.V., Nagieva S.E., Kurshakova E.V., Petrova I.O., Smirnikhina S.A., Lavrov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2528">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2528</self-uri><abstract><p>Мышечная дистрофия Дюшенна является самой распространённой мышечной дистрофией у детей. Причиной заболевания наиболее часто являются делеции экзонов 43-55 гена DMD, приводящие к сдвигу рамки считывания и отсутствию экспрессиифункционального белка дистрофина. Для восстановления рамки считывания наиболее оптимальным является подход пропускадополнительного экзона. Для того, чтобы удалить экзон полностью необходимо внести два двухцепочечных разрыва ДНК, что сопряжено с рядом негативных последствий. Однако перманентного пропуска экзона также можно добиться, разрушив сайт сплайсинга единственным разрывом ДНК с последующей репарацией путём негомологичного соединения концов. Для оценкивозможности реализации данной стратегии нами был проведен биоинформатический и  экспериментальный скрининг нРНК, направленных на сайты сплайсинга экзонов 43-55. В результате наиболее перспективными для редактирования подобным образом оказались акцепторные сайты сплайсинга экзонов 54-55 и донорные сайты сплайсинга экзонов 43 и 53. Кроме тогопоказана эффективность работы Cas9 с  неклассической PAM-последовательностью NGA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common muscular dystrophy among children. Mostly the cause of the disease is frame-shift deletions of exons 43-55 of the DMD gene, leading to the absence of expression of the functional dystrophin. The most optimal approachto restoring the reading frame is skipping an additional exon. In order to completely remove an exon, it is necessary to introduce two double-stranded DNA breaks, which is associated with a number of negative consequences. However, permanent exon skipping canalso be achieved by disruption the splice site by a single DNA break with following repair by non-homologous end joining. To assess the feasibility of this strategy, we performe a bioinformatics and experimental screening of sgRNAs targeting the splice sites of exons43-55. As a result, the most promising sites for editing were the acceptor splice sites of exons 54-55 and the donor splice sites of exons 43 and 53. In addition, we demonstrate the efficiency of Cas9 with the non-classical PAM sequence NGA. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>редактирование генома</kwd><kwd>мышечная дистрофия Дюшенна</kwd><kwd>DMD</kwd><kwd>экзон-скиппинг</kwd><kwd>восстановление рамки считывания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genome editing</kwd><kwd>Duchenne muscular dystrophy</kwd><kwd>DMD</kwd><kwd>exon skipping</kwd><kwd>reading frame restoration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счёт гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-15-00482</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">. 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