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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2024.04.38-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2461</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Популяционные частоты лицевых расщелин в регионах Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Population frequencies of facial clefts in regions of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демикова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demikova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125412, г. Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2;</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д.2/1, стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Taldomskaya st., Moscow, 125412;</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya st., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ns_d@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путинцев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putintsev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125412, г. Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2, Taldomskaya st., Moscow, 125412</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева, ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yu.E. Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева, ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yu.E. Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демикова Н.С., Путинцев А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демикова Н.С., Путинцев А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demikova N.S., Putintsev A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2461">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2461</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Лицевые расщелины относятся к одним из частых и тяжелых врожденных пороков развития. В силу грубых анатомических нарушений у детей с расщелинами губы и неба могут наблюдаться серьезные нарушения питания, речи, слуха, а также психические и социальные нарушения. Для изучения причин данных пороков, а также разработки профилактических мер необходимо знание их эпидемиологических характеристик, что и является целью настоящего исследования.Методы. Использованы данные по расщелинам губы и неба из 24 регионов РФ, проводящих мониторинг врожденных пороков развития. Включены все случаи лицевых расщелин среди новорожденных за 2020-2022 годы, общее число которых составило 473 случая расщелин неба (РН) и 980 случаев расщелин губы/неба (РГН). Общее число рождений составило 1136551. Частоты рассчитывались на 10000 рождений.Результаты. По результатам исследования суммарная оценка частот по всем регионам за три года составила: РН – 4,16, РГН – 8,62 на 10000 рождений. Выявлены межрегиональные различия оценок частот РН и РГН. За период 2020-2022 гг. в регионах РФ частота РН колеблется от 1,70 до 11,09, частота РГН – от 3,08 до 15,97. Соотношение полов при РН составило 0,85М:1Ж, при РГН – 1,69М:1Ж, т.е. при РН чаще поражаются девочки, при РГН – мальчики. Большую часть случаев лицевых расщелин составляют изолированные формы. В течение времени изменения частоты пороков не наблюдается.Заключение. Лицевые расщелины характеризуются высокой частотой с географическими и межрегиональными различиями, знание которых важно для научно-обоснованной разработки профилактических мероприятий, а также обоснования объемов диагностической и лечебной помощи пациентам с данными пороками.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Facial clefts are one of the most common and severe congenital malformations. Due to gross anatomical disorders, children with cleft lip and palate may experience serious disturbances in nutrition, speech, hearing, as well as mental and social disorders. To study the causes of these defects, as well as to develop preventive measures, it is necessary to know their epidemiological characteristics, which is the purpose of this study.Methods. The analysis used data on cleft lip and palate from 24 regions of the Russian Federation that monitor congenital malformations. All cases of facial clefts among newborns from 2020-2022 were included. The total number of cases of malformations was 473 cases of cleft palate (CP) and 980 cases of cleft lip/palate (CLP). The total number of births was 1,136,551. Frequencies were calculated per 10,000 births.Results. According to the results of the study, the total estimate of frequencies for all regions for three years was for CP – 4.16, for CLP – 8.62 per 10,000 births. Interregional differences in estimates of the frequencies of CP and CLP were revealed. For the period 2020- 2022 in the regions of the Russian Federation, the frequency of CP ranges from 1.70 to 11.09, the frequency of CLP – from 3.08 to 15.97. The sex ratio for CP was 0.85M:1F, for CLP – 1.69M:1F, i.e. for CP girls are more often affected; for CLP boys are more often affected. Most cases of facial clefts are isolated forms. No changes in the frequency of defects are observed over time.Conclusion. Facial clefts are characterized by a high frequency with geographic and interregional differences, knowledge of which is important for the scientifically based development of preventive measures, as well as justification of the scope of diagnostic and therapeutic care for patients with these defects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденный порок развития</kwd><kwd>расщелины неба</kwd><kwd>расщелины губы и неба</kwd><kwd>частота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital malformation</kwd><kwd>cleft palate</kwd><kwd>cleft lip/palate</kwd><kwd>incidence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaurishankar S. Textbook of orthodontics. 1st ed. Paras Medical Publication; 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaurishankar S. Textbook of orthodontics. 1st ed. 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