medgenМедицинская генетикаMedical Genetics2073-7998Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC10.25557/2073-7998.2023.10.48-62medgen-2366Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHИсследование полиморфизма ядерного генома современной группы итальянцев КрымаStudy of nuclear genome polymorphism of the modern group of Italians of CrimeaМакаровС. В.MakarovS. V.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

ecolab@med-gen.ruБалиноваН. В.BalinovaN. V.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

ДзиниС.ZiniS.

119334, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 32А

32A, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119334

ХохловН. В.KhokhlovN. V.

119334, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 32А

32A, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119334

БычковскаяЛ. С.BychkovskayaL. S.

115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1

1, Moskvorechie st., Moscow, 115522

СпицынаН. Х.Spitsyna N.N. Kh.

119334, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 32А

32A, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119334

ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»РоссияResearch Center for Medical GeneticsRussian FederationЦентр физической антропологии, Институт этнологии и антропологии имени Н. Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАНРоссияCentre for Physical Anthropology, Miklukho-Maclay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20230812202322104862Copyright © Макаров С.В., Балинова Н.В., Дзини С., Хохлов Н.В., Бычковская Л.С., Спицына Н.Х., 20232023Макаров С.В., Балинова Н.В., Дзини С., Хохлов Н.В., Бычковская Л.С., Спицына Н.Х.Makarov S.V., Balinova N.V., Zini S., Khokhlov N.V., Bychkovskaya L.S., Spitsyna N. N.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2366

В статье представлены результаты комплексного антропогенетического анализа группы современных «итальянцев Крыма», являющихся потомками итальянских мигрантов с Апеннинского полуострова с конца XVIII до начала XX вв. Генетическое исследование основано на анализе распространенности генотипов и аллелей семи аутосомных полиморфных генов (PAH, TH01, NOS3, SLC6A3, CCR5, ACE, FABP2) среди итальянцев Крыма и сопоставлении частот их встречаемости с мировым распределением для определения генетических характеристик изученной группы и ее положения в пространстве других мировых популяций. По данным пяти маркеров потомки итальянцев более близки европейским популяциям и ближе всего к русским, что говорит о степени метисации данной группы, как и высокий уровень гетерозиготности. По рассчитанным расстояниям для FABP2, PAH, TH01 они тяготеют к исторической предковой популяции итальянцев Италии, но оределить территориальное происхождение не представляется возможным. Анализ фамилий «итальянцев Крыма» и их предков в качестве надежных квазигенетических маркеров показал, что большинство мигрантов (52,53%) имело северное происхождение, 27,72% мигрантов происходили из южных регионов Апеннинского полуострова, 19,75% − из центральной области Италии. Трансформации, которым подвергались во времени исконные фамилии итальянских мигрантов, отражают сложный процесс адаптации итальянских групп в Черноморско-Азовском регионе. Результаты исследования дополняют знания по этнической геномике итальянцев.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive anthropogenetic analysis of the group of modern “Italians of Crimea”, who are descendants of Italian migrants from the Apennine Peninsula from the late 18th – early 20th centuries. The genetic study is based on the analysis of genotype and allele prevalence of seven autosomal polymorphic genes (PAH, TH01, NOS3, SLC6A3, CCR5, ACE, FABP2) among the Italians of Crimea and comparison of their frequencies with the world distribution to determine the genetic characteristics of the studied group and its position in the space of other world populations. According to the data of five markers, the descendants of Italians are closer to European populations and closest to Russians, which indicates the degree of mestizatisation of this group, as well as a high level of heterozygosity. According to the calculated distances for FABP2, PAH, TH01, they gravitate to the historical ancestral population of Italians of Italy, but it is not possible to determine the territorial origin. The analysis of the surnames of “Italians of Crimea” and their ancestors as reliable quasi-genetic markers showed that the majority of migrants (52.53%) were of northern origin, 27.72% of migrants originated from the southern regions of the Apennine Peninsula, and 19.75% from the central region of Italy. The transformations that the original surnames of Italian migrants underwent over time reflect the complex process of adaptation of Italian groups in the Black Sea-Azov region. The results of the study add to the knowledge on the ethnic genomics of Italians.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.