medgenМедицинская генетикаMedical Genetics2073-7998Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC10.25557/2073-7998.2023.03.3-9medgen-2274Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОРREVIEWРоль LncRNA H19 в развитии ожирения и потенциальный механизм регуляции дифференциальной экспрессии гена H19Role of LncRNA H19 in developing obesity, and potential regulatory mechanism of its differential expressionАммарМ. Н.AmmarM. N.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

manarammarnour@gmail.comМилютинаН. П.MilutinaN. P.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

БутенкоЕ. В.ButenkoE. V.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

АлиР. М.AliR. M.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

ШкуратТ. П.ShkuratT. P.

344006 г. Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Б. Садовая, 105/42

105/42, Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Rostov-on-Don, 344006

Южный федеральный университетРоссияSouthern Federal UniversityRussian Federation20232507202322339Copyright © Аммар М.Н., Милютина Н.П., Бутенко Е.В., Али Р.М., Шкурат Т.П., 20232023Аммар М.Н., Милютина Н.П., Бутенко Е.В., Али Р.М., Шкурат Т.П.Ammar M.N., Milutina N.P., Butenko E.V., Ali R.M., Shkurat T.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2274

В последние годы накапливается все больше данных о роли длинных некодирующих РНК (lncRNAs) в развитии ожирения. H19представляет собой импринтированный ген, который кодирует lncRNA. Роль гена H19 и его дифференциальная экспрессия при ожирении остаются малоизученными. Результаты исследований экспрессии H19 при ожирении в разных тканях (гепатоцитах, адипоцитах и мышцах) показали ее разнонаправленность в различных исследованиях. Кроме этого, потенциальный регуляторный механизм экспрессии H19  до сих пор полностью неясен. Всестороннее понимание функции и регуляции H19 может обеспечить перспективы применения lncRNA H19 как диагностического биомаркера и терапевтической мишени при ожирении.

Цель

Цель: обзор и обобщение данных литературы о механизмах регуляции экспрессии гена H19 и его роли в  развитии  ожирения. Методы. Поиск литературы по исследованию регуляции и роли гена H19 и lncRNA H19 при ожирении проводили в базах данных Pubmed, GoogleAcademy и E-library, в период с 2000 по 2022 гг.

Результаты

Результаты. В обзоре рассмотрены механизмы участия lncRNA H19 в регуляции метаболизма углеводов и жиров у человека и мыши и их роль в развитии ожирения.   Впервые, основываясь на анализе данных  литературы, высказано предположение о потенциальной роли гипоксии в регуляции экспрессии H19 у лиц с ожирением.

Выводы

Выводы. Ген H19 и lncRNA H19 играют важную роль в развитии ожирения путем регуляции экспрессии генов, отвечающих за метаболизм глюкозы и липидов. Гипоксия, возникающая при ожирении, возможно, играет роль в дифференциальной аберрантной экспрессии H19. Понимание механизмов регуляции экспрессии гена H19 при ожирении обеспечивает базу для разработки эффективных диагностических и терапевтических стратегий для  лечения и контроля ожирения.

Background

Background. Accumulating evidences approve the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis; dysregulation of certain lncRNAs induces the progression of metabolic syndromes such as obesity. H19 is an imprinted maternally-expressed gene, codes for a lncRNA molecule. Role of H19 and its differential expression in obesity remain poorly understood. Findings related to H19 upregulation or downregulation in metabolic organs of obese patients showed discrepancy among different studies, and the potential regulatory mechanism behind this still unclear.  A comprehensive characterization of the function and regulation of H19 can provide prospective basis for the development of potential therapeutic and diagnostic method to manage obesity.

Aim

Aim. Summarize the roles of lncRNA H19 in developing obesity, and the potential regulatory mechanisms of its expression. Methods. Conducting a theoretical literature search for articles investigating the role and regulation of H19 in obesity. Search was done in the databases: Pubmed, Google Academy and E-library, in the period from 2000 to 2022.

Results

Results. We illustrated the role of lncRNA H19 in carbohydrates and lipid metabolism. Based on our analysis of the published literature, we proposed a potential role of hypoxia in regulating expression of H19 in obese individuals.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The lncRNA H19 plays an important role in the development of obesity by regulating the expression of genes responsible for glucose and lipid metabolism. Hypoxia, resulting from a chronic low-grade inflammation related to obesity may regulate the differential aberrant expression of H19, This proposal should become a relevant problem for future researches in order to understand the regulatory mechanism of H19 expression in obesity, for further development of effective methods in obesity management and prevention.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.