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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2023.02.52-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2249</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сигналы направленного отбора в популяциях коренного населения Средней Азии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Signals of directed selection in the indigenous populations of Central Asia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесников</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050</p><p>ул. Набережная р. Ушайки, д. 10</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>634050</p><p>10, Nab. r. Ushaiki</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikita.kolesnikov@medgenetics.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харьков</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharkov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050</p><p>ул. Набережная р. Ушайки, д. 10</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>634050</p><p>10, Nab. r. Ushaiki</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарубин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarubin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050</p><p>ул. Набережная р. Ушайки, д. 10</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>634050</p><p>10, Nab. r. Ushaiki</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>634050</p><p>ул. Набережная р. Ушайки, д. 10</p><p>Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>634050</p><p>10, Nab. r. Ushaiki</p><p>Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской генетики, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесников Н.А., Харьков В.Н., Зарубин А.А., Степанов В.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесников Н.А., Харьков В.Н., Зарубин А.А., Степанов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnikov N.A., Kharkov V.N., Zarubin A.A., Stepanov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2249">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2249</self-uri><abstract><p>   Популяции коренных этносов Средней Азии представляют значительный интерес для популяционной геномики по причине специфичности их генофондов, развивавшихся в различных генетико-демографических условиях. Данные о сигналах направленного отбора являются важным дополнением к существующим данным о эволюции генофондов и механизмах генетической адаптации населения Евразии. Мы использовали массив генотипов по 1779819 SNP в выборке из 128 человек, включающей 5 популяций населения Средней Азии, для поиска сигналов направленного отбора с помощью тестов на протяженную гомозиготность гаплотипов (nSL, iHS). Обнаружено, что все исследованные популяции сильно отличаются друг от друга по составу генов, которые демонстрируют влияние отбора. Наибольшее число значимых сигналов естественного отбора выявлено в популяциях киргизов и узбеков. Среди локусов генома, несущих наиболее выраженные сигналы направленного отбора, в популяциях выделяются гены CUEDC1, ERC1, FAM20C, MRC1.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The populations of the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia are of considerable interest for population genomics, due to the specificity of their gene pools, which developed under various genetic and demographic conditions. The data on directional selection signals is an important addition to the existing data on the evolution of gene pools and the mechanisms of genetic adaptation of the Eurasian population. We used an array of genotypes for 1779819 SNPs in a sample of 128 people, including 5 populations of the population of Central Asia, to search for directional selection signals using tests for extended haplotype homozygosity (nSL, iHS). For the populations of Central Asia, it was found that all the studied populations differ greatly from each other in the composition of genes that demonstrate the influence of selection. The largest number of significant signals of natural selection was found in the populations of the Kyrgyz and Uzbeks. The CUEDC1, ERC1, FAM20C, and MRC1 genes are among the genome loci that carry the most pronounced signals of directional selection in populations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>популяционная генетика</kwd><kwd>Средняя Азия</kwd><kwd>естественный отбор</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>nSL</kwd><kwd>iHS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>population genetics</kwd><kwd>Central Asia</kwd><kwd>natural selection</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>nSL</kwd><kwd>iHS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-64-00060, https://rscf.ru/ project/22-64-00060/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22-64-00060, https://rscf.ru/project/22-64-00060/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henn B. 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