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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2022.11.16-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКОЕ СООБЩЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение бактериального микробиома мокроты больных раком легкого и его связи с повреждениями хромосом в лимфоцитах периферической крови</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the bacterial microbiome of sputum of patients with lung cancer and its association with chromosome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">laveivana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранова Е.Д., Дружинин В.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранова Е.Д., Дружинин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranova E.D., Druzhinin V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2191">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2191</self-uri><abstract><p>Микробиом респираторного тракта может оказывать значимое влияние на развитие ряда заболеваний дыхательной системы человека. Помимо дисбиотических изменений в составе микробиома пациентов отмечено, что многие бактерии обладают генотоксическим потенциалом и способны прямо или опосредованно повреждать геном в клетках организма хозяина. Цель исследования - изучить связь между составом микробиома мокроты и уровнем повреждений хромосом в лейкоцитах крови больных раком легкого (РЛ). Изучены таксономический состав бактериального микробиома мокроты, а также базовые частоты хромосомных аберраций (ХА) и микроядер (МЯ) в лимфоцитах крови 66 мужчин с диагнозом РЛ и у 62 здоровых доноров. Результаты секвенирования показали, что микробиом больных РЛ имеет признаки дисбиоза с достоверным увеличением содержания бактерий родов Streptococcus, Bacillus, Gemella и Haemophilus. У пациентов с РЛ выявлена прямая связь между частотой аберрантных метафаз в лимфоцитах и процентным содержанием в мокроте представителей рода Bacteroides.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The microbiome of the respiratory tract can have a significant impact on the development of a number of diseases of the human respiratory system. In addition to dysbiotic changes in the composition of the microbiome of patients, it was noted that many bacteria have a genotoxic potential and are able to directly or indirectly damage the genome in the cells of the host organism. The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the composition of the sputum microbiome and the level of chromosome damage in the blood leukocytes of patients with lung cancer (LC). The taxonomic composition of the sputum bacterial microbiome, as well as the basic frequencies of chromosomal aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) in blood lymphocytes of 66 men diagnosed with LC and 62 healthy donors were studied. The results of sequencing showed that the microbiome of LC patients has signs of dysbiosis with a significant increase in the content of bacteria of the genera Streptococcus, Bacillus, Gemella and Haemophilus. In patients with LC, a direct relationship was found between the frequency of aberrant metaphases in lymphocytes and the percentage of representatives of the genus Bacteroides in sputum.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак легкого</kwd><kwd>бактериальный микробиом</kwd><kwd>мокрота</kwd><kwd>16S РНК секвенирование</kwd><kwd>нестабильность генома лимфоцитов</kwd><kwd>хромосомные аберрации</kwd><kwd>микроядра</kwd><kwd>Bacteroides</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lung cancer</kwd><kwd>bacterial microbiome</kwd><kwd>sputum</kwd><kwd>16S RNA sequencing</kwd><kwd>lymphocyte genome instability</kwd><kwd>chromosomal aberrations</kwd><kwd>micronuclei</kwd><kwd>Bacteroides</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lemercier C. When our genome is targeted by pathogenic bacteria. 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