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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2022.02.15-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-2042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ генетического компонента аддиктивного расстройства в форме алкогольной зависимости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the genetic component of addictive disorder in the form of alcohol dependence</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожнова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhnova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">stm-i@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Писарев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pisarev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюн</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brun</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спицын</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spitsyn</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожнова</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhnova</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костюк</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostyuk</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ города Москвы «Московский научно-практический центр наркологии Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рожнова Т.М., Писарев В.М., Брюн Е.А., Спицын В.А., Рожнова К.С., Макаров С.В., Костюк С.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рожнова Т.М., Писарев В.М., Брюн Е.А., Спицын В.А., Рожнова К.С., Макаров С.В., Костюк С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rozhnova T.M., Pisarev V.M., Brun E.A., Spitsyn V.A., Rozhnova K.S., Makarov S.V., Kostyuk S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2042">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2042</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Расстройства поведения зависимого характера относятся к мультифакториальным заболеваниям с высокой гетерогенностью и коморбидностью. Этиопатогенетические механизмы расстройств поведения аддиктивного спектра при всей широте исследования изучены недостаточно. Комплексные генетические исследования аддиктивной патологии с использованием клинико-генеалогического и молекулярно-генетического методов представляют интерес с научной и с практической точек зрения, поскольку способствуют глубокому изучению выборки и повышению результативности использования полученных данных при проведении медико-генетического консультирования. Цель: изучить генетический компонент аддиктивного поведения в форме алкогольной зависимости. Методы. В исследование включены 181 пробанд из двух групп сравнения: мужчины с наличием алкогольной зависимости (F10.212; F10.222; n=120) и фенотипически здоровые мужчины группы контроля (n=61). Изучены клинико-генеалогические характеристики обследованных мужчин; проведён сравнительный анализ родословных с учётом родственников I, II степеней родства (n=5068). Анализ полиморфных вариантов TaqIA гена ANKK1/DRD2 и 3’VNTR гена SLC6A3/DAT1 выполнен методом полимеразной цепной реакции синтеза ДНК. Результаты. Анализ частот и распределения алкогольной зависимости среди родственников мужчин, зависимых от алкоголя, и фенотипически здоровых мужчин выявил высокую частоту алкогольной зависимости с преимущественным поражением лиц мужского пола в родословных мужчин, больных алкоголизмом (р&lt;0,001). Частота алкогольной зависимости среди отцов и братьев пробандов-аддиктов составляет соответственно 72,5% и 58%. В группе мужчин с алкогольной зависимостью было выявлено статистически достоверное повышение частоты аллеля ANKK1*A1 по сравнению с контрольной группой (p&lt;0,001). Выводы. Наследственная отягощенность алкоголизмом родословных мужчин, больных алкоголизмом, свидетельствует о наличии генетического компонента в патогенезе алкогольной зависимости и указывает на генетическую основу зависимости от алкоголя как химической формы аддиктивного поведения. Носительство аллеля ANKK1*A1 представляется фактором риска развития аддиктивного расстройства в форме алкогольной зависимости, а ANKK1*A2 обладает протекторным свойством в этом отношении.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Dependent behavior disorders are multifactorial diseases with high heterogeneity and comorbidity. The etiopathogenetic mechanisms of behavioral disorders of the addictive spectrum, with all the breadth of the study, have not been studied enough. Comprehensive genetic studies of addictive pathology using clinical genealogical and molecular genetic methods of research are of interest both scientifically and from a practical point of view, since they contribute to a deep study of the sample and increase the effectiveness of using the data obtained in medical genetic counseling. Aim: to study the genetic component of addictive behavior in the form of alcohol dependence. Methods. The study included 181 probands from two comparison groups: men with alcohol dependence (F10.212; F10.222; n=120) and phenotypically healthy men in the control group (n=61). The clinical and genealogical characteristics of the examined men were studied; a comparative analysis of pedigrees was carried out, taking into account relatives of I, II degrees and both degrees of relationship (n=5068). Genotyping by TaqIA polymorphism at the ANKK1/DRD2 locus (rs1800497) and VNTR polymorphism in the SLC6A3 gene (DAT1) was performed using the PCR. Results. An analysis of the frequency and distribution of alcohol dependence among relatives of I, II and both degrees of relationship of men dependent on alcohol and phenotypically healthy men revealed a high frequency of alcohol dependence with a predominant lesion of males in the pedigrees of men with alcoholism (p&lt;0.001). The frequency of alcohol dependence among the fathers and brothers of addicted probands is 72.5% and 58%, respectively. A statistically significant predominance of the frequency of the ANKK1*A1 allele was revealed in the group of men with the presence of addictive disorder in the form of alcohol dependence compared to the control group (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions. The hereditary burden of alcoholism in the pedigrees of men with alcoholism indicates the presence of a genetic component in the pathogenesis of alcohol dependence and indicates the genetic basis of alcohol dependence as a chemical form of addictive behavior. Carrying the ANKK1*A1 allele seems to be a risk factor for the development of an addictive disorder in the form of alcohol dependence, and ANKK1*A2 has a protective property in this respect.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкогольная зависимость</kwd><kwd>родословная</kwd><kwd>наследственная отягощенность</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>DRD2/ANKK1</kwd><kwd>rs1800497</kwd><kwd>SLC6A3</kwd><kwd>DAT1</kwd><kwd>rs27072</kwd><kwd>генетика поведения</kwd><kwd>аддикции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcohol addiction</kwd><kwd>pedigree</kwd><kwd>hereditary burden</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>DRD2/ANKK1</kwd><kwd>rs1800497</kwd><kwd>SLC6A3</kwd><kwd>DAT1</kwd><kwd>rs27072</kwd><kwd>genetics of behavior</kwd><kwd>addictions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morgenstern J., Langenbucher J., Labouvie E., Miller K.J. 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