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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2021.11.12-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-1994</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушения моноаллельного метилирования ДНК при раке молочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alterations of monoallelic DNA methylation in breast cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Танас</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tanas</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinkin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немцова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemtsova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кекеева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kekeeva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградов</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradov</surname><given-names>I. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залетаев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaletaev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрельников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelnikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vstrel@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ Рязанской области «Областной клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУ Рязанской области «Областной клинический онкологический диспансер»; ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary; Ryazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Танас А.С., Калинкин А.И., Немцова М.В., Кузнецова Е.Б., Кекеева Т.В., Виноградов И.Ю., Виноградов М.И., Виноградов И.И., Залетаев Д.В., Стрельников В.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Танас А.С., Калинкин А.И., Немцова М.В., Кузнецова Е.Б., Кекеева Т.В., Виноградов И.Ю., Виноградов М.И., Виноградов И.И., Залетаев Д.В., Стрельников В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tanas A.S., Kalinkin A.I., Nemtsova M.V., Kuznetsova E.B., Kekeeva T.V., Vinogradov I.Y., Vinogradov M.I., Vinogradov I.I., Zaletaev D.V., Strelnikov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1994">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1994</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Изучение изменений в образцах злокачественных опухолей молочной железы статуса метилирования остатков цитозина в составе CpG-островков, моноаллельно метилированных в норме. Методы. Для определения CpG-динуклеотидов, моноаллельно метилированных в опухолевых и нормальных тканях молочной железы, использовали полученные авторами ранее результаты широкогеномного бисульфитного секвенирования Xmal-RRBS. Изменения моноаллельного метилирования в опухолях визуализировали с помощью гистограмм для различных метилотипов молочной железы. Результаты. В геномах умеренно метилированных опухолей нормально моноаллельно метилированные CpG-динуклеотиды имеют тенденцию к почти равновероятному изменению как в неметилированное, так и в полностью метилированное состояния. В геномах гиперметилированных опухолей нормально моноаллельно метилированные CpG-динуклеотиды чаще меняют своё состояние на полностью метилированное. Заключение. Наблюдаемый характер изменений позволяет предположить, что динамика диктуется в умеренно метилированных опухолях процессами, не определяющими её вектор, а в гиперметилированных - дополнительно - направленным процессом, повышающим уровень метилирования CpG-динуклеотидов. По аналогии с ранее опубликованными результатами исследования динамики изменений метилирования импринтированных локусов в опухолях человека, мы предполагаем, что процесс случайного определения вектора изменения характера метилирования опосредован нарушениями копийности участков моноаллельного метилирования ДНК. Причиной равновероятных разнонаправленных изменений моноаллельного метилирования может быть геномный дисбаланс, который может случайным образом приводить к делециям (или приобретенной однородительской дисомии) либо метилированного, либо неметилированного аллеля.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim: to evaluate changes in the methylation status of cytosine residues in CpG islands, monoallelically methylated in the norm, in samples of malignant breast tumors. Methods. To determine CpG dinucleotides monoallelically methylated in tumor and normal breast tissues, we used the results of Xmal-RRBS genome-wide bisulfite sequencing obtained earlier. Changes in monoallelic methylation in tumors were visualized using histograms for different breast methylotypes. Results. In the genomes of moderately methylated tumors, normally methylated CpG dinucleotides have a tendency to an almost equiprobable methylation change to both the unmethylated and fully methylated states. In the genomes of hypermethylated tumors, normally monoallelically methylated CpG dinucleotides more often change their state to fully methylated. Conclusions. The observed nature of the changes suggests that the dynamics is dictated in moderately methylated tumors by processes that do not determine their vector, and in hypermethylated tumors, additionally, by a directed process that increases the methylation level of CpG dinucleotides. By analogy with the previously published results of a study of the dynamics of changes in methylation of imprinted loci in human tumors, we assume that the process of random determination of the vector of methylation changes is mediated by copy number aberrations at the regions of monoallelic DNA methylation. The reason for the equally probable bidirectional changes in monoallelic methylation may be a genomic imbalance that can randomly lead to deletions (or acquired uniparental disomy) of either the methylated or unmethylated allele.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>широкогеномный анализ метилирования ДНК</kwd><kwd>моноаллельное метилирование ДНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Breast cancer</kwd><kwd>genome wide analysis of DNA methylation</kwd><kwd>monoallelic DNA methylation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gimelbrant A., Hutchinson J.N., Thompson B.R., Chess A. Widespread monoallelic expression on human autosomes. Science. 2007;318(5853):1136-1140.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gimelbrant A., Hutchinson J.N., Thompson B.R., Chess A. 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