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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2021.04.19-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-1903</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полногеномное секвенирование спортсменов: влияние нонсенс-мутаций на функциональные показатели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Whole-genome sequencing of athletes: the effect of nonsense mutations on functional variables</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булыгина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boulygina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">boulygina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валеева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valeeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларин</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larin</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Набиуллина</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nabiullina</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мавлиев</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mavliev</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахатов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhatov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генерозов</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Generozov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ahmetov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan (Volga region) Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства; Институт геномной статистики и биоинформатики, Университетская клиника Бонна</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency;  Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет; Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan (Volga region) Federal University; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Поволжская государственная академия физической культуры, спорта и туризма</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства; Казанский государственный медицинский университет; Российский экономический университета им. Г.В. Плеханова; Научно-исследовательский институт спорта, Ливерпульский университет им. Джона Мурса</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency; Kazan State Medical University; Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Булыгина Е.А., Борисов О.В., Валеева Е.В., Семенова Е.А., Ларин А.К., Набиуллина Р.М., Мавлиев Ф.А., Ахатов А.М., Генерозов Э.В., Ахметов И.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Булыгина Е.А., Борисов О.В., Валеева Е.В., Семенова Е.А., Ларин А.К., Набиуллина Р.М., Мавлиев Ф.А., Ахатов А.М., Генерозов Э.В., Ахметов И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Boulygina E.A., Borisov O.V., Valeeva E.V., Semenova E.A., Larin A.K., Nabiullina R.M., Mavliev F.A., Akhatov A.M., Generozov E.V., Ahmetov I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1903">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1903</self-uri><abstract><p>Применение технологии полногеномного секвенирования предоставляет обширные возможности для обнаружения новых генетических маркеров, определяющих результативность спортсмена. Целью исследования является определение особенностей геномного профиля спортсменов высокого класса и выявление генетических вариантов, ассоциированных с некоторыми функциональными показателями, влияющими на спортивную успешность. Впервые проведено секвенирование геномов 20 профессиональных борцов татарской национальности. Найденные генетические варианты валидированы с использованием ДНК-микрочипов и/или импутации. Из всего спектра полиморфных вариантов отобраны мутации в гомозиготном состоянии, имеющие аннотацию «stop gain» (нонсенс-мутации) и показавшие ассоциацию со следующими фенотипами: мышечная масса, пиковая мощность нижних конечностей, время реакции и спринтерские способности. Частоты встречаемости мутантных аллелей таких вариантов сравнивались с частотами в других популяциях Волго-Уральского региона. В геномах борцов найдено около 11 млн полиморфных локусов, в среднем 3,62 млн однонуклеотидных замен и 617 тыс инделов на геном. Из них 347 вариантов потенциально вызывают преждевременную терминацию трансляции белка. Корреляция со спортивными фенотипами была выявлена для 6 нонсенс-мутаций (гены ANKDD1B, SLC6A18, CCHCR1, VOPP1, ADAMTS12 и ZACN), в гомозиготном состоянии приводящих к достоверному изменению функциональных показателей спортсменов. У носителей замены p.Tyr319* (rs7447815) в гене SLC6A18 обнаружено снижение относительной пиковой мощности нижних конечностей. В то же время у борцов-татар была зарегистрирована меньшая частота мутантного аллеля в этом локусе по сравнению с башкирами и русскими. Также, согласно исследованиям GWAS, замена rs7447815 ассоциирована с риском развития остеоартроза и пониженной физической активностью. Количество полиморфных вариантов, найденных в геномах спортсменов, и доля нонсенс-мутаций в них соотносятся с результатами, описанными для других популяций. Нонсенс-мутация p.Tyr319* (rs7447815) в гене SLC6A18 является потенциальным маркером, ухудшающим значение относительной пиковой мощности нижних конечностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of whole-genome sequencing technology provides extensive opportunities for the detection of new genetic markers that determine athletic performance. The aim of the study was to characterize the genome profile of high-class athletes and to identify genetic variants associated with some functional variables which can affect sports success. Materials and methods. For the first time, whole-genome sequencing of 20 professional belt wrestlers of Tatar nationality was carried out. Genetic variants were validated using microarray technology and/or imputation procedure. From the entire spectrum of variants those that were annotated as nonsense mutations, were found at the homozygous state and showed association with muscle mass, lower-extremity peak power, reaction time, and sprinting abilities were selected. The mutant allele frequencies of these variants were compared with the frequencies in other populations of the Volga-Ural region. Results. About 11 million polymorphic loci were found in the genomes of wrestlers, an average of 3.62 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and 617 thousand indels per genome. Of these, 347 variants potentially cause premature termination of protein translation. Correlation with sports phenotypes was found for 6 nonsense mutations (ANKDD1B, SLC6A18, CCHCR1, VOPP1, ADAMTS12, and ZACN genes), which in a homozygous state lead to significant changes in functional indicators of athletes. Wrestlers with p.Tyr319* (rs7447815) substitution in the SLC6A18 gene had decreased relative lower-extremity peak power. At the same time, a lower mutant allele frequency at this locus was registered in Tatar wrestlers compared to the Bashkirs and Russians. Also, according to the GWAS, the rs7447815 substitution is associated with the risk of osteoarthritis and decreased physical activity. Conclusions. The number of polymorphic variants found in the genomes of athletes and the proportion of nonsense mutations in them correlate with the results described for other populations. The nonsense mutation p.Tyr319* (rs7447815) in the SLC6A18 gene is a potential marker that reduces the relative peak power of the lower extremities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полногеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>нонсенс-мутация</kwd><kwd>борьба на поясах</kwd><kwd>мышечная масса</kwd><kwd>пиковая мощность</kwd><kwd>время реакции</kwd><kwd>скоростная способность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>whole-genome sequencing</kwd><kwd>nonsense mutation</kwd><kwd>belt wrestling</kwd><kwd>muscle mass</kwd><kwd>peak power</kwd><kwd>reaction time</kwd><kwd>speed performance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maciejewska-Skrendo A., Sawczuk M., Cięszczyk P. et al. Genes and power athlete status. In Sports, Exercise, and Nutritional Genomics: Current Status and Future Directions. 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