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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25557/2073-7998.2020.11.31-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-1793</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ полиморфных вариантов генов дофаминергической системы головного мозга у больных алкоголизмом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of polymorphic variants of genes of the dopaminergic system of the brain in patients with alcoholism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожнова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhnova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">stm-i@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спицын</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spitsyn</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костюк</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostyuk</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет); ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Research Centre for Medical Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рожнова Т.М., Спицын В.А., Макаров С.В., Костюк С.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рожнова Т.М., Спицын В.А., Макаров С.В., Костюк С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rozhnova T.M., Spitsyn V.A., Makarov S.V., Kostyuk S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1793">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1793</self-uri><abstract><p>Аддиктивные расстройства относятся к мультифакториальным заболеваниям с клинической, генетической и нейрофизиологической гетерогенностью и высокой коморбидностью с другими расстройствами психического спектра. Определяющее влияние на фенотипическую дисперсию расстройств поведения зависимого характера принадлежит генотипу. Полиморфные варианты генов нейромедиаторных систем головного мозга, кодирующих белки, участвующие в регуляции эффекторных реакций и метаболизме психоактивных веществ (ПАВ), можно рассматривать как маркёры поведенческих паттернов и индивидуальной предрасположенности к зависимому поведению. Цель исследования - анализ полиморфных вариантов генов DRD2/ANKK1 и SLC6A3 дофаминергической системы головного мозга у больных алкоголизмом. Генотипирование по TaqIA-полиморфизму в локусе ANKK1/DRD2 (rs1800497) и VNTR-полиморфизму в гене SLC6A3 (DAT1) проводили с использованием метода ПЦР. Выявлено статистически достоверное преобладание частоты аллеля ANKK1*A1 и генотипа ANKK1*A1A2 в группе мужчин с наличием аддиктивного расстройства в форме алкогольной зависимости по сравнению с фенотипически здоровыми представителями контрольной группы (p&lt;0,001). Частота аллеля *А2 и генотипа *A2A2 в исследуемой группе статически значимо ниже этого показателя контрольной выборки. Аллель ANKK1*A1 является фактором риска развития алкогольной зависимости (RR=4,69; EF=0,15) с теснотой связи средней степени (j=0,21), а ANKK1*A2 обладает протекторным свойством (RR=0,84; PF=0,79). Полученные данные указывают на возможность использования генотипирования генов дофаминэргической системы головного мозга для оценки индивидуальной предрасположенности к алкогольной зависимости - у носителей *A1 гена DRD2/ANKK1 риск формирования зависимости в 4,69 раза выше гомозигот по варианту *А2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Addictive disorders are multifactorial diseases with clinical, genetic and neurophysiological heterogeneity and high comorbidity with other disorders of the mental spectrum. The decisive influence on the phenotypic dispersion of disorders of behavior of a dependent nature belongs to the genotype. Polymorphic variants of genes of the neurotransmitter systems of the brain that encode proteins involved in the regulation of effector reactions and the metabolism of psychoactive substances can be considered as markers of behavioral patterns and an individual predisposition to dependent behavior. Genotyping by TaqIA polymorphism at the ANKK1/DRD2 locus (rs1800497) and VNTR polymorphism in the SLC6A3 gene (DAT1) was performed using the PCR. A statistically significant predominance of the frequency of the ANKK1*A1 allele and the ANKK1*A1A2 genotype was revealed in the group of men with the presence of addictive disorder in the form of alcohol dependence compared to phenotypically healthy representatives of the control group (p &lt;0.001). The frequency of *A2 and genotype *A2A2 were statistically significantly lower in the study group than in the control. The ANKK1*A1 allele is a risk factor for the development of alcohol dependence (RR=4.69; EF=0.15) with a moderate linkage (j=0.21), and ANKK1*A2 has a protective property (RR=0.84; PF=0.79). The data obtained indicate the possibility of using genotyping of the genes of the dopaminergic system of the brain to assess an individual predisposition to alcohol dependence - in carriers of *A1 of the DRD2/ANKK1 gene, the risk of dependence formation is 4.69 higher than homozygotes in the *A2 variant.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>DRD2/ANKK1</kwd><kwd>rs1800497</kwd><kwd>SLC6A3</kwd><kwd>DAT1</kwd><kwd>генетика поведения</kwd><kwd>психогенетика</kwd><kwd>алкоголизм</kwd><kwd>аддикции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>DRD2/ANKK1</kwd><kwd>rs1800497</kwd><kwd>SLC6A3</kwd><kwd>DAT1</kwd><kwd>behavior genetics</kwd><kwd>psychogenetics</kwd><kwd>alcoholism</kwd><kwd>addiction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morgenstern J. et al. 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