<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1234/XXXX-XXXX-2016-9-44-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-172</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка таргетной панели для молекулярно-генетической диагностики рака щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Design of targeted gene panel for molecular diagnostics of thyroid cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушина</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushina</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vdyakushina@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaytseva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лернер</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lerner</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Медико-генетический научный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «Research Centre for Medical Genetics»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Компания Парсек Лаб</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Parseq Lab</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ПреМед» Научно-клинический центр ПреМед - Европейские технологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PreMed-European Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Медико-генетический научный центр»; ГБОУ ВПО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «Research Centre for Medical Genetics»; Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Якушина В.Д., Зайцева М.А., Павлов А.Е., Лернер Л.В., Лавров А.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Якушина В.Д., Зайцева М.А., Павлов А.Е., Лернер Л.В., Лавров А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakushina V.D., Zaytseva M.A., Pavlov A.E., Lerner L.V., Lavrov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/172">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/172</self-uri><abstract><p>Рак щитовидной железы (РЩЖ) является самым распространенным злокачественным заболеванием эндокринной системы. Ключевой метод диагностики РЩЖ - цитологическое исследование клеток щитовидной железы, получаемых в результате тонкоигольной аспирационной биопсии (ТАБ). В 20-30% случаев ТАБ выявляет атипию неопределенного значения, что не позволяет клиницисту определить тактику ведения пациента: оперировать или лечить консервативно. В рамках научных исследований в большинстве случаев РЩЖ удается выявить драйверные мутации или иные генетические маркеры. Их определение может повысить точность диагностики РЩЖ. Цель данной работы - разработка метода молекулярно-генетической диагностики РЩЖ с применением высокопроизводительного параллельного секвенирования. Был проведен анализ литературы, базы данных (БД) COSMIC, а также результатов исследования проекта The Cancer Genome Atlas, в ходе которого было отобрано 456 точковых соматических мутаций в 25 генах, 23 генные транслокации, а также 3 мутации типа изменения числа копий гена (copy number variations, CNV), характерные для РЩЖ. Для детекции точковых мутаций, коротких инсерций/делеций и CNV в инструменте AmpliSeq Designer был создан дизайн панели, содержащий 221 пару праймеров (в 2 пулах), покрывающий 99,59% выбранных таргетных регионов. В дизайн также были включены регионы гена RET , несущие герминативные мутации для детекции наследственного медуллярного РЩЖ. С помощью инструмента RNA Gene Fusion designs был разработан дизайн панели для детекции 23 перестроек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. The key approach for thyroid cancer diagnosis is cytology of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) samples. FNA specimens have indeterminate cytology in 20-30%. This results in wrong clinical diagnosis and impropriate treatment strategy. Currently known mutations describe vast majority of thyroid cancer cases. Detection of the driver mutations is supposed to improve diagnostic accuracy. The aim of the work is to develop next-generation sequencing based diagnostic panel for thyroid cancer. The analysis of the English-language literature, COSMIC database (DB), as well as results of the research project the Cancer Genome Atlas was performed. In total, 456 point somatic mutations in 25 genes, 23 genetic translocations, and 3 copy number variations (CNV) mutations were identified. Using AmpliSeq Designer, 2 Custom Panels were created - for the detection of point mutations, small indels and CNV (1) and for the detection of translocations (2). The custom Panel for the detection of point mutations, small indels and CNV contains 221 primer pairs in 2 pools, covering 99.59% selected targeted regions. The design also incorporated the regions of the RET gene for detection of germline mutations associated with hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. RNA Gene Fusion designs tool in AmpliSeq Designer was used to design the Panel for the detection of 23 translocations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>таргетная панель</kwd><kwd>соматические мутации</kwd><kwd>гены</kwd><kwd>геномные перестройки</kwd><kwd>генетическая диагностика</kwd><kwd>KRAS</kwd><kwd>NRAS</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>targeted panel</kwd><kwd>somatic mutations</kwd><kwd>genes</kwd><kwd>translocations</kwd><kwd>genetic diagnostics</kwd><kwd>thyroid cancer</kwd><kwd>KRAS</kwd><kwd>NRAS</kwd><kwd>BRAF</kwd><kwd>PTC</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsiao SJ, Nikiforov YE. Molecular approaches to thyroid cancer diagnosis. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2014;21(5):T301-T313. doi:10.1530/ERC-14-0166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsiao SJ, Nikiforov YE. Molecular approaches to thyroid cancer diagnosis. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2014;21(5):T301-T313. doi:10.1530/ERC-14-0166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bongiovanni M, Spitale A, Faquin WC, Mazzucchelli L, Baloch ZW. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: A meta-analysis. Acta Cytol. 2012;56(4):333-339. doi:10.1159/000339959.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bongiovanni M, Spitale A, Faquin WC, Mazzucchelli L, Baloch ZW. The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: A meta-analysis. Acta Cytol. 2012;56(4):333-339. doi:10.1159/000339959.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forbes SA, Beare D, Gunasekaran P, et al. COSMIC: Exploring the world’s knowledge of somatic mutations in human cancer. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43(D1):D805-D811. doi:10.1093/nar/gku1075.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forbes SA, Beare D, Gunasekaran P, et al. COSMIC: Exploring the world’s knowledge of somatic mutations in human cancer. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015;43(D1):D805-D811. doi:10.1093/nar/gku1075.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cerami E, Gao J, Dogrusoz U, et al. The cBio Cancer Genomics Portal: An Open Platform for Exploring Multidimensional Cancer Genomics Data. Cancer Discov. 2012;2(5):401-404. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0095.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cerami E, Gao J, Dogrusoz U, et al. The cBio Cancer Genomics Portal: An Open Platform for Exploring Multidimensional Cancer Genomics Data. Cancer Discov. 2012;2(5):401-404. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0095.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao J, Aksoy BA, Dogrusoz U, et al. Integrative Analysis of Complex Cancer Genomics and Clinical Profiles Using the cBioPortal. Sci Signal. 2013;6(269):pl1-pl1. doi:10.1126/scisignal.2004088.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao J, Aksoy BA, Dogrusoz U, et al. Integrative Analysis of Complex Cancer Genomics and Clinical Profiles Using the cBioPortal. Sci Signal. 2013;6(269):pl1-pl1. doi:10.1126/scisignal.2004088.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network N, Akbani R, Aksoy BA, et al. Integrated genomic characterization of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell. 2014;159(3):676-690. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.050.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network N, Akbani R, Aksoy BA, et al. Integrated genomic characterization of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell. 2014;159(3):676-690. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.050.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hall, R.D., &amp; Kudchadkar, R.R. (2014). BRAF Mutations: Signaling, Epidemiology, and Clinical Experience in Multiple Malignancies. Cancer Control, 21(221). Retrieved from www.henrydomke.com.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hall, R.D., &amp; Kudchadkar, R.R. (2014). BRAF Mutations: Signaling, Epidemiology, and Clinical Experience in Multiple Malignancies. Cancer Control, 21(221). Retrieved from www.henrydomke.com.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Landa I, Ibrahimpasic T, Boucai L, et al. Genomic and transcriptomic hallmarks of poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(3):1052-1066. doi:10.1172/JCI85271.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Landa I, Ibrahimpasic T, Boucai L, et al. Genomic and transcriptomic hallmarks of poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(3):1052-1066. doi:10.1172/JCI85271.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xing M, Pylayeva-Gupta Y, Grabocka E, et al. Clinical utility of RAS mutations in thyroid cancer: a blurred picture now emerging clearer. BMC Med. 2016;14(1):12. doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0559-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xing M, Pylayeva-Gupta Y, Grabocka E, et al. Clinical utility of RAS mutations in thyroid cancer: a blurred picture now emerging clearer. BMC Med. 2016;14(1):12. doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0559-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lazzereschi D, Nardi F, Turco A, et al. A complex pattern of mutations and abnormal splicing of Smad4 is present in thyroid tumours. Oncogene. 2005;24(34):5344-5354. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208603.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazzereschi D, Nardi F, Turco A, et al. A complex pattern of mutations and abnormal splicing of Smad4 is present in thyroid tumours. Oncogene. 2005;24(34):5344-5354. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208603.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Inzeo S, Nicolussi A, Donini CF, et al. A novel human Smad4 mutation is involved in papillary thyroid carcinoma progression. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2012;19(1):39-55. doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Inzeo S, Nicolussi A, Donini CF, et al. A novel human Smad4 mutation is involved in papillary thyroid carcinoma progression. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2012;19(1):39-55. doi:10.1530/ERC-11-0233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Figlioli G, Landi S, Romei C, Elisei R, Gemignani F. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and RET proto-oncogene: Mutation spectrum in the familial cases and a meta-analysis of studies on the sporadic form. Mutat Res - Rev Mutat Res. 2013;752(1):36-44. doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.09.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figlioli G, Landi S, Romei C, Elisei R, Gemignani F. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and RET proto-oncogene: Mutation spectrum in the familial cases and a meta-analysis of studies on the sporadic form. Mutat Res - Rev Mutat Res. 2013;752(1):36-44. doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.09.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karunamurthy A, Panebianco F, Hsiao S, et al. Prevalence and phenotypic characteristics of EIF1AX mutations in thyroid nodules. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016;(February):ERC - 16-0043 -. doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karunamurthy A, Panebianco F, Hsiao S, et al. Prevalence and phenotypic characteristics of EIF1AX mutations in thyroid nodules. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016;(February):ERC - 16-0043 -. doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ciampi R, Knauf JA, Kerler R, et al. Oncogenic AKAP9-BRAF fusion is a novel mechanism of MAPK pathway activation in thyroid cancer. J Clin Invest. 2005;115(1):94-101. doi:10.1172/JCI200523237.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ciampi R, Knauf JA, Kerler R, et al. Oncogenic AKAP9-BRAF fusion is a novel mechanism of MAPK pathway activation in thyroid cancer. J Clin Invest. 2005;115(1):94-101. doi:10.1172/JCI200523237.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marotta V, Guerra A, Sapio MR, Vitale M. RET/PTC rearrangement in benign and malignant thyroid diseases: a clinical standpoint. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;165(4):499-507. doi:10.1530/eje-11-0499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marotta V, Guerra A, Sapio MR, Vitale M. RET/PTC rearrangement in benign and malignant thyroid diseases: a clinical standpoint. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;165(4):499-507. doi:10.1530/eje-11-0499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eberhardt NL, Grebe SKG, McIver B, Reddi H V. The role of the PAX8/PPARgamma fusion oncogene in the pathogenesis of follicular thyroid cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010;321(1):50-56. doi:10.1155/2008/672829.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eberhardt NL, Grebe SKG, McIver B, Reddi H V. The role of the PAX8/PPARgamma fusion oncogene in the pathogenesis of follicular thyroid cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2010;321(1):50-56. doi:10.1155/2008/672829.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Duan J, Zhang J-G, Deng H-W, Wang Y-P. Comparative Studies of Copy Number Variation Detection Methods for Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies. Salamin N, ed. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(3):e59128. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Duan J, Zhang J-G, Deng H-W, Wang Y-P. Comparative Studies of Copy Number Variation Detection Methods for Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies. Salamin N, ed. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(3):e59128. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
