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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medgen</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинская генетика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical Genetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-7998</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House «Genius Media» LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1234/XXXX-XXXX-2016-6-37-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medgen-141</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение генетических основ и разработка протоколов для диагностики наследственных заболеваний органа зрения на примере врожденной аниридии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of genetics and design of the test-system for diagnosis of eye anterior chamber hereditary disorders: the case of congenital aniridia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлебникова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlebnikova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марахонов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marakhonov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воскресенская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voskresenskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздеева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdeyeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крынская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krynskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлова</surname><given-names>Ю. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>Yu. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ряднинская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryadninskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чухрова</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chukrova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр; Московский физико-технический институт (государственный университет)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Межотраслевой научно-технический комплекс «Микрохирургия глаза» им. академика С.Н. Федорова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильева Т.А., Хлебникова О.В., Марахонов А.В., Петрова Н.В., Воскресенская А.А., Поздеева Н.А., Крынская И.А., Козлова Ю.О., Ряднинская Н.В., Чухрова А.Л., Шилова Н.В., Зинченко Р.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильева Т.А., Хлебникова О.В., Марахонов А.В., Петрова Н.В., Воскресенская А.А., Поздеева Н.А., Крынская И.А., Козлова Ю.О., Ряднинская Н.В., Чухрова А.Л., Шилова Н.В., Зинченко Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva T.A., Khlebnikova O.V., Marakhonov A.V., Petrova N.V., Voskresenskaya A.A., Pozdeyeva N.A., Krynskaya I.A., Kozlova Y.O., Ryadninskaya N.V., Chukrova A.L., Shilova N.V., Zinchenko R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/141">https://www.medgen-journal.ru/jour/article/view/141</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность . Врожденные пороки развития органа зрения составляют немалую долю причин инвалидизации в детском возрасте. Врожденная аниридия является тяжелым наследственным пороком развития, наследующимся аутосомно-доминантно. Врожденная аниридия вызывается мутациями гена PAX6 . Цель . Оценить спектр генетических нарушений в группе больных врожденной аниридией из российской популяции. На основе полученных результатов разработать протокол диагностики врожденной аниридии. Материалы и методы . Тридцати четырем пациентам из 27 неродственных семей проведены офтальмологическое обследование и ДНК диагностика, включающая секвенирование кодирующих экзонов гена PAX6 с последующим анализом крупных хромосомных перестроек локуса 11p13. Результаты . Проанализировано 22 больных без отягощенной семейной истории и 12 семейных случаев врожденной аниридии. У двух пациентов определена протяженная делеция региона 11p13, позволившая установить предположительный диагноз синдрома WAGR. Среди оставшихся пациентов мутации были определены во всех случаях. У 23 пациентов были обнаружены точковые мутации гена PAX6 : семь новых и восемь различных ранее описанных мутаций. Крупные делеции определены у одиннадцати пациентов. Проанализированный спектр мутаций позволил определить особенности генетических причин врожденной аниридии у российских больных и разработать протокол диагностики врожденной аниридии. Выводы . Определены мутации у 100% проанализированных больных. Разработан протокол диагностики врожденной аниридии с учетом особенностей спектра наследственных изменений, приводящих к этому заболеванию, в российской популяции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Importance . Congenital malformations are the main cause of disability in infancy. Aniridia (OMIM #106210) is a severe autosomal dominant congenital disorder. Aniridia is mainly associated with pathogenic variants in the PAX6 gene. Objective . To investigate the mutational and clinical spectra of congenital aniridia in a cohort of Russian patients. To make a design of a protocol for diagnosis of congenital aniridia. Design, Setting and Participants. 34 patients with congenital aniridia from 27 unrelated families were analysed. DNA-diagnosis included sequencing of all coding exons of PAX6 gene as well as analysis of large 11p13 region deletions. Results . 22 sporadic and 12 familial cases of congenital aniridia patients underwent detailed ophthalmic examination and molecular diagnosis. Large 11p13 deletion affecting PAX6 and WT1 genes was identified in two patients, therefore they were diagnosed with WAGR syndrome. Molecular analysis involved Sanger sequencing of all PAX6 exons, as well as Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA), Loss Of Heterozygosity (LOH) assays and FISH analysis. Small intragenic mutations in PAX6 gene were identified in 23 patients including 7 novel and 8 different previously reported changes. Large deletions were found in the remaining 11 patients. This allowed designing the protocol for congenital aniridia diagnosis. Conclusions and Relevance . Mutation detection rate is 100% in the current study. The protocol for diagnosis of congenital aniridia was designed on the basis of genetic peculiarities in Russian aniridia patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственные заболевания</kwd><kwd>орган зрения</kwd><kwd>аниридия</kwd><kwd>WAGR синдром</kwd><kwd>тест-система</kwd><kwd>крупные хромосомные аберрации</kwd><kwd>вариации числа копий</kwd><kwd>FISH анализ</kwd><kwd>потеря гетерозиготности</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>medical genetics</kwd><kwd>hereditary diseases</kwd><kwd>the organ of vision</kwd><kwd>aniridia</kwd><kwd>WAGR syndrome</kwd><kwd>a test system</kwd><kwd>major chromosomal aberrations</kwd><kwd>copy number variations</kwd><kwd>FISH analysis</kwd><kwd>loss of heterozygosity analysis</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тератология человека: Руководство для врачей / 2-е изд-е, перераб. и доп. - М.: Медицина, 1991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Тератология человека: Руководство для врачей / 2-е изд-е, перераб. и доп. - М.: Медицина, 1991.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хлебникова О.В., Дадали Е.В. 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